Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42161271›Full record

ArticleCell reports. Medicine2026

Decoding the human CD4

Yeji Lee, Leila Siddiqui, Alison Tarke, Margaret Kim, Tanner Michaelis, Mariah Macias, Elizabeth Phillips, Simon Mallal, Raphael Trevizani, April Frazier and 14 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Cell reports. Medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

24 authors.

Yeji LeeCenter for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Leila SiddiquiCenter for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Alison TarkeCenter for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Margaret KimCenter for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Tanner MichaelisCenter for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Mariah MaciasCenter for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Elizabeth PhillipsInstitute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia.
Simon MallalInstitute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia.
Raphael TrevizaniCenter for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
April FrazierCenter for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Richard H ScheuermannDepartment of Informatics, J. Craig Venter Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Abril ZunigaDepartment of Informatics, J. Craig Venter Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Christian ZmasekDepartment of Informatics, J. Craig Venter Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Kevin SpurgersResearch and Pipeline Group, Science and Development Department, Emergent BioSolutions, Gaithersburg, MD 20879, USA.
Gideon AkintundeResearch and Pipeline Group, Science and Development Department, Emergent BioSolutions, Gaithersburg, MD 20879, USA.
Spencer W StonierResearch and Pipeline Group, Science and Development Department, Emergent BioSolutions, Gaithersburg, MD 20879, USA.
Talita Bianca GagliardiResearch and Pipeline Group, Science and Development Department, Emergent BioSolutions, Gaithersburg, MD 20879, USA.
Kelly WarfieldResearch and Pipeline Group, Science and Development Department, Emergent BioSolutions, Gaithersburg, MD 20879, USA.
Haoyang LiCenter for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Kathryn M HastieCenter for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Erica Ollmann SaphireCenter for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Gene S TanDepartment of Informatics, J. Craig Venter Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Alba GrifoniCenter for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Alessandro SetteCenter for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. Electronic address: alex@lji.org.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Mammarenaviruses are classified into Old World and New World viruses (Old World arenaviruses [OWAs] and New World arenaviruses [NWAs]). Characterization of antigens recognized by human T cells is essential for identifying immunodominant targets, informing vaccine design, and performing immunological assessments. Here, we select the Lassa virus (LASV) as a prototype OWA to map the human CD4 T cell epitope repertoire. We then calculate conservation in different LASV lineages and other representative OWAs and NWAs and define conserved T cell epitope regions (CTERs) using Lassa as the OWA prototype and Junin as the NWA prototype. We show that these CTERs are able to broadly cross-recognize other OWA or NWA sequences. We validate our findings in humans immunized with an experimental glycoprotein complex (GPC) LASV vaccine or infected with lymphocytic choriomeningitis mammarenavirus (LCMV), as well as in the mouse model immunized with a stabilized GPC vaccine candidate. Our results on mammarenavirus-specific T cell immunity contribute to guiding the development of next-generation mammarenavirus vaccines.

Indexed as

CD4-Positive T-LymphocytesEpitopes, T-LymphocyteLassa FeverLassa virusViral VaccinesAnimalsFemaleHumansMiceEpitopes, T-LymphocyteViral VaccinesArenaviridaeepitopesimmunogenicityLassa virusmammarenaviruspandemic preparednesssequence conservationT cellsvaccine

Identifiers

PMID42161271
PMCPMC13293973

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.