ArticleClinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil)2026
HDL-C as a potential mediator between serum 25(OH)D and the angiographic severity of coronary artery disease: a single-center cross-sectional study.
Article in Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionVitamin D deficiency has been associated with increased Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) risk, potentially through its associations with lipid metabolism, particularly HDL-C. This study investigates the mediating role of HDL-C in the relationship between serum vitamin D and the severity of CAD.
methodsIn this cross-sectional study, 1015 participants undergoing elective angiography were enrolled from the Nutrition Heshmat Registry (NUTHER). Serum 25(OH)D levels were categorized as very low (< 12 ng/mL), low (12-20 ng/mL), marginal (20-30 ng/mL), and normal (≥ 30 ng/mL). CAD severity was quantified using the Gensini score, with severe CAD defined as a score ≥ 60. Logistic regression, restricted cubic spline analysis, and mediation models were employed to assess associations and potential mediation effects of HDL-C.
resultsParticipants with normal vitamin D levels (serum 25(OH)D ≥ 30 ng/mL) had 39% lower odds (adjusted OR = 0.61, 95% CI 0.40-0.93, P for trend = 0.017) of severe CAD compared to those with very low levels. A dose-response analysis confirmed a linear inverse association between 25(OH)D and CAD severity (P for overall = 0.0160). Mediation analysis revealed that HDL-C accounted for 18.1% (95% CI 11.8%, 44.0%) of the total effect of vitamin D on CAD severity, while LDL-C, total cholesterol, and triglycerides showed negligible mediation.
conclusionHigher serum vitamin D levels are associated with lower CAD severity, partially mediated by HDL-C. These findings suggest that adequate levels of both vitamin D and HDL-C may be associated with a lower severity of CAD. Further research, including randomized trials, is needed to confirm these associations and explore clinical implications.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.