ArticleHealth economics review2026
Health-related quality of life in COVID-19 in the United Kingdom: a vignette study.
Article in Health economics review, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an acute respiratory illness caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Severe disease may require hospitalisation and respiratory support, which can cause longer-term morbidity. Patient utility data are limited, especially for severe disease where data collection can be challenging or unethical. A vignette study was designed to estimate utility values for COVID-19 disease states.
methodsA sample of United Kingdom (UK)-based adults (N = 500) completed the EQ-5D-5 L questionnaire for eight vignettes as patient proxies in September 2021. Vignettes qualitatively described hospitalisation and disease severity permutations, informed by a large UK-based COVID-19 infection survey. Recruitment was stratified to reflect UK demographics. EQ-5D utilities were derived using the appropriate UK value set.
resultsRecovery without long-term sequelae had the highest utility (mean [standard deviation]: 0.87 [0.14]), followed by pre-infection (0.73 [0.22]). The intensive care unit state had the lowest utility (-0.38 [0.14]). Mild and moderate outpatient states reported similar utility (0.29 [0.26] vs. 0.31 [0.27]). The severe general hospital ward state had lower utility than the high dependency unit state (-0.18 [0.24] vs. - 0.11 [0.25]). Recovery with long-term sequelae had low utility (0.21 [0.29]).
conclusionsMean utility values declined as COVID-19 disease state severity increased, suggesting that COVID-19 is likely to impact patient quality of life, in line with published literature. However, the evolving nature of COVID-19 may limit the generalisability of findings to the current disease landscape. Nevertheless, generation of utility values using a vignette-based approach represents a reasonable alternative where collection patient health-related quality of life data is infeasible, albeit with some limitations.
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