Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42158936›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in pharmacology2026

Bioactive glass S53P4 cream kills ESKAPE panel multidrug resistant pathogens and

Deeksha Rajkumar, Adrian Stiller, Payal P S Balraadjsing, Leena Hupa, Sebastian A J Zaat

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in pharmacology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. How Bioactive Glass S53P4 Kills Bacteria.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Deeksha RajkumarDepartment of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam Institute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Adrian StillerLaboratory of Molecular Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi, Turku, Finland.
Payal P S BalraadjsingDepartment of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam Institute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Leena HupaLaboratory of Molecular Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi, Turku, Finland.
Sebastian A J ZaatDepartment of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam Institute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: Orthopedic implant-associated infections, predominantly caused by S. aureus, pose significant challenges due to biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance. Bioactive Glass (BAG) S53P4 is a unique material with antimicrobial and bone regenerative properties. We aimed to characterize a novel BAG S53P4 cream, consisting of BAG powder and a binder, for its capacity to kill Methods: BAG cream, BAG powder, and binder were evaluated for antimicrobial activity against planktonic Results: The BAG cream and BAG powder applied to titanium implant material, as well as their respective eluates eradicated planktonic S. aureus. Elemental release from BAG cream and powder showed time-dependent shifts in levels of silicon, sodium, calcium and phosphorous together with stable alkaline pH levels, reflecting continuous ion release from the glass network and concurrent precipitation of calcium phosphate and silica phases. BAG cream and powder eluates collected as early as at 2 h were highly effective against S. aureus, the ESKAPE panel of multidrug resistant pathogens, colistin-resistant Escherichia coli and Cutibacterium acnes, and against the fungi Conclusion: These findings show the potential of BAG cream as an innovative application form of BAG S53P4 offering a promising approach against orthopedic implant-associated infections.

Indexed as

antimicrobial resistance (AMR)bioactive glassicp-oesmultidrug-resistant (MDR)orthopedic implant-associated infectionStaphylococcus aureustitanium

Identifiers

PMID42158936
PMCPMC13181238

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.