Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42158908›Full record

ArticleACG case reports journal2026

Gluten Catastrophe: A Fatal Case of Refractory Celiac Disease Type 2.

Bianca Thakkar, Rachael Hagen, Marie E Robert, Minh T Thu Nguyen

Abstract readCase Reports
In one paragraph

Article in ACG case reports journal, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Bianca ThakkarDepartment of Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT.
Rachael HagenDepartment of Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT.
Marie E RobertDepartment of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.
Minh T Thu NguyenDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Celiac disease (CeD) is an immune-mediated enteropathy triggered by gluten, while refractory CeD (RCD) represents a severe form with persistent villous atrophy despite adherence to a gluten-free diet. RCD type 2 (RCD2) is characterized by aberrant clonal intraepithelial lymphocytes and carries a poor prognosis. We report a fatal case of RCD2 in a 55-year-old man who initially presented with abdominal pain, weight loss, and chronic diarrhea. Despite negative celiac serologies, duodenal biopsies demonstrated villous atrophy, and human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DQ2 positivity supported CeD. He developed steroid-refractory disease, with immunophenotypic and molecular findings consistent with RCD2, complicated by concomitant microscopic colitis and severe malnutrition. Extensive surveillance showed no evidence of lymphoma. He later presented with septic shock following

Indexed as

diarrheaglutenintraepithelial lymphocytesmicroscopic colitisrefractory celiac disease

Identifiers

PMID42158908
PMCPMC13183083

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.