Observational studyFrontiers in public health2026
Antibiotic usage in surgical prophylaxis: surveillance of clean and clean-contaminated surgeries in a tertiary care hospital.
Observational study in Frontiers in public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
Background: Surgical antibiotic prophylaxis (SAP) is an essential part of perioperative care, yet adherence to recommended practices varies across surgical categories. Differences in antibiotic choice and duration between clean and clean-contaminated procedures highlight the need to understand local prescribing patterns. This study aimed to describe SAP practices in a tertiary care hospital and assess adherence to institutional SAP guidelines in clean and clean-contaminated surgeries. Methods: A prospective observational cross-sectional study was conducted over 6 months in a tertiary care hospital. Adult patients undergoing elective clean or clean-contaminated surgeries were included. Information on perioperative antibiotic use was collected from medical records, and adherence to institutional prophylaxis guidelines was assessed. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square or Fisher's exact tests, Results: A total of 170 patients were assessed, including 143 clean and 27 clean-contaminated surgical cases. Significant differences were observed in antibiotic selection between the two categories; cefuroxime was used more frequently in clean surgeries (50.3%) than in clean-contaminated procedures (25.9%), with a relative risk of 1.94 (95% CI 1.00-3.78; Conclusion: Antibiotic prophylaxis practices varied between clean and clean-contaminated surgeries, with higher adherence observed in clean procedures, particularly in antibiotic selection and duration. Prolonged prophylaxis was more common in clean-contaminated surgeries and was associated with non-adherence. Given the observational design, causal inferences cannot be established. These findings highlight potential targets for improving guideline-based prophylaxis through antimicrobial stewardship strategies.
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