Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42157964›Full record

ArticleMolecular therapy. Advances2026

Role of viral protein ratio in the structure and separation of empty and full adeno-associated virus capsids: A molecular dynamics study.

Arjun Valiya Parambathu, Vijesh Kumar, Ohnmar Khanal, Abraham M Lenhoff

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Molecular therapy. Advances, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Arjun Valiya ParambathuDepartment of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA.
Vijesh KumarTechnology Development, Spark Therapeutics, Inc., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Ohnmar KhanalTechnology Development, Spark Therapeutics, Inc., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Abraham M LenhoffDepartment of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The effects of viral capsid protein (VP) composition on adeno-associated virus (AAV) structure are investigated by molecular simulations, with a specific focus on the separation mechanism of empty and full AAV capsids in anion-exchange chromatography. We used AlphaFold predictions and all-atom molecular dynamics simulations to study AAV-LK03 capsids for different capsid configurations. AlphaFold predicts a structured and an unstructured unique region for the VP1 (VP1u) and the VP2 (VP2u) proteins, respectively. Simulations of entire capsids show that increasing the VP1 content would likely impair transgene loading, consistent with the measured higher VP1 content of empty than full capsids. Our experimental characterization also shows that increased VP1/VP2 content correlates with reduced transgene loading. Simulations also reveal that, because the VP1u/VP2u regions are internalized, the effects of VP1/VP2 ratios on the external surface potential of capsids and hence the capsid separation in ion-exchange chromatography should be minimal. However, transgene loading would be expected to push the VP1u/VP2u domains toward the inner surface of the 5-fold axis, which simulations show would change the surface topography to expose more negative charge on the surface for full capsids with greater VP1/VP2 content. These molecular insights can inform future strategies for AAV vector development and purification.

Indexed as

adeno-associated viruselectrostaticsion-exchange chromatographymolecular dynamics

Identifiers

PMID42157964
PMCPMC13182794

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.