Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42157940›Full record

ReviewInternational journal of biological sciences2026

Immunologic Combinations in Multiple Myeloma: Synergistic Stimulation with T cells and NK cells.

ZhaoYun Liu, Jiao Lai, Chun Yang, Hui Liu, Kai Ding, Jia Song, Rong Fu

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in International journal of biological sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

ZhaoYun LiuDepartment of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Street, Heping District, Tianjin 300052, China, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Failure and Malignant Hemopoietic Clone Control, Tianjin Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology.
Jiao LaiDepartment of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Street, Heping District, Tianjin 300052, China, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Failure and Malignant Hemopoietic Clone Control, Tianjin Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology.
Chun YangDepartment of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Street, Heping District, Tianjin 300052, China, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Failure and Malignant Hemopoietic Clone Control, Tianjin Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology.
Hui LiuDepartment of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Street, Heping District, Tianjin 300052, China, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Failure and Malignant Hemopoietic Clone Control, Tianjin Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology.
Kai DingDepartment of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Street, Heping District, Tianjin 300052, China, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Failure and Malignant Hemopoietic Clone Control, Tianjin Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology.
Jia SongDepartment of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Street, Heping District, Tianjin 300052, China, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Failure and Malignant Hemopoietic Clone Control, Tianjin Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology.
Rong FuDepartment of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Street, Heping District, Tianjin 300052, China, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Failure and Malignant Hemopoietic Clone Control, Tianjin Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Bone marrow plasma cells proliferate malignantly in multiple myeloma (MM), a hematological cancer. MM is now the second most common hematologic illness, followed by non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a crucial factor in MM development. T cells, natural killer (NK) cells, and natural killer T (NKT) cells are the key anti-MM immune cells in the bone marrow microenvironment (BMME). By direct contact or cytokine production, these cells prevent MM cells from proliferation and survival. However, a major factor contributing to the insufficiency of anti-tumor immune responses is the inhibition of T cells and NK cells functions. We aimed to summarize the mechanisms of T cells and NK cells suppression in MM and discuss emerging immunotherapies that target both cell types.

Indexed as

Killer Cells, NaturalMultiple MyelomaT-LymphocytesAnimalsHumansImmunotherapyTumor Microenvironmentbone marrow microenvironmentCancer VaccinesImmunotherapyMultiple myeloma

Identifiers

PMID42157940
PMCPMC13181857

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.