ArticleHealth science reports2026
"Reactions in Leprosy: Updated Insights Into Pathophysiology, Clinical Spectrum, and Therapeutic Approaches-A Narrative Review".
Article in Health science reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- "Reactions in Leprosy: Updated Insights Into Pathophysiology, Clinical Spectrum, and Therapeutic Approaches-A Narrative Review".Health science reports · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background and Aims: Reaction in leprosy is an immune-mediated acute inflammatory episodes that occur in the natural course of Hansen's disease. Reaction can occur before, during, or after starting multidrug therapy and is a major cause of nerve damage, morbidity, and disability in affected individuals. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview on the pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and current management strategies for reactions in leprosy. Methods: A narrative review of published literature was conducted focusing on the risk factors, immunopathogenesis, clinical presentation, severity scoring, diagnostic challenges, and therapeutic approaches of Type 1 (reversal reaction), Type 2 (Erythema Nodosum Leprosum), and Type 3 (Lucio phenomenon) leprosy reactions. Relevant studies, guidelines, and reviews were analyzed using the databases PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar from 2005 to 2025, to provide an updated synthesis of knowledge. The keywords used included: "leprosy reactions", "type 1 reaction", "type 2 reaction", "lucio phenomenon", "immunopathogenesis", "clinical presentation", "severity scoring", and "management". Articles were screened based on relevance to the topic and selected through consensus among the authors. Results: Type 1 leprosy reaction is a delayed-type hypersensitivity response due to enhanced cell-mediated immunity, leading to the aggravation of pre-existing skin lesions and neuritis. Type 2 reaction is an immune-complex mediated phenomenon associated with systemic symptoms along with the fresh appearance of reddish subcutaneous nodules. Lucio phenomenon, which is due to endothelial cell injury, usually presents with tender purpura on the extremities which becomes necrotic and ulcerated. Management can be tailored according to the severity of the reactional episode. Conclusion: Swift identification of leprosy reaction is important as it can be the first manifestation of leprosy in a large number of patients, and if not treated at an early stage, it may lead to deformity and disability.
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Registered trials
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