ArticleBMC pulmonary medicine2026
Escalating cancer mortality in ILD patients: insights from a US population study.
Article in BMC pulmonary medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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8 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundEmerging evidence suggests that Interstitial Lung Diseases (ILD) may be associated with a higher risk of cancer in various organ systems compared to the general population. However, epidemiological data on cancer-related mortality in ILD patients remain largely unexamined. We aimed to provide a comprehensive analysis of cancer-related mortality in decedents with ILD across the United States.
methodsWe utilized the multiple cause-of-death database provided by CDC, and we analyzed ILD-cancer related Age-Adjusted Mortality Rates (AAMR) stratified by gender, race, state of death, and cancer categories from 1999 to 2019. Transport injury-related mortality was used as a control group. We also analyzed the annual trends of mortality using Average Annual Percent Change (AAPC).
resultsBetween 1999 and 2019, a total of 511,176 ILD patients died, with 50,333 (9.85%) concurrently diagnosed with some form of cancer. During this period, the ILD-cancer related AAMR increased by 8.2%, rising from 11.415 to 12.347 per 1,000,000. Decedents with ILD had 23-fold higher odds of having cancer recorded as a cause of death compared to the control group.
conclusionsOur results suggest that cancer-related mortality is higher in decedents with ILD compared to the control group, with an upward trend observed over the 21-year study period, contrasting with the declining cancer mortality seen in the United States. These findings underscore the need for future prospective studies to determine whether targeted screening and follow-up interventions may benefit this high-risk group.
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