Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42156988›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2026

An experimental study on the impact behavior of geopolymer concrete incorporating recycled asphalt pavement aggregate.

İsmail Ünsal

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author.

İsmail ÜnsalDepartment of Civil Engineering, Adiyaman University, 02040, Adiyaman, Turkey. iunsal@adiyaman.edu.tr.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6324-7209

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study aims to further enhance the potential environmental benefits of geopolymer concrete by incorporating recycled asphalt pavement (RAP) aggregates into the aggregate composition and to experimentally investigate the dynamic impact behavior of this eco-friendly product. RAP aggregate was substituted with fine aggregate at 0%, 33%, and 66% proportions. A total of 18 unique mixtures were formulated. Fly ash (FA) and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) served as the binders, with GGBFS-to-binder ratios established at 16.5%, 33%, and 66%. Sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide were employed as alkali activators at two specific ratios (Na₂SiO₃/NaOH): 2.5 and 3. The instrumented drop-weight tests were performed to evaluate the material's impact characteristics by analyzing the time histories of impact force and energy dissipation. Incorporating RAP aggregate resulted in a modest decrease in energy dissipation and impact strength. However, this reduction was effectively offset by GGBFS, resulting in enhanced impact performance relative to the control mixture. A substitution level of 33% RAP exhibited superior impact behavior compared to 66% RAP substitution. The mechanical performance observed under static and dynamic conditions demonstrated that the overall impact resistance of geopolymer concrete can be improved through the partial substitution of RAP, in conjunction with a substantial proportion of GGBFS in the mixture. These findings may indicate that RAP‑substituted geopolymer concrete could serve as a potential and sustainable option for low‑carbon geopolymer technologies requiring high energy dissipation.

Indexed as

Energy dissipationGeopolymer concreteLow-velocity impactRecycled asphalt pavementSEM

Identifiers

PMID42156988
PMCPMC13342583

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.