Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42156839›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2026

Psychological relation of tandem nursing to children's socio-emotional development and attachment to their caregiver.

Jana Lund, Julian Trostmann, Louisa Kulke

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Jana LundDepartment of Developmental Psychology with Educational Psychology, University of Bremen, Hochschulring 18, 28359, Bremen, Germany.
Julian Trostmann, Kassel, Germany.
Louisa KulkeDepartment of Developmental Psychology with Educational Psychology, University of Bremen, Hochschulring 18, 28359, Bremen, Germany. kulke@uni-bremen.de.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In tandem breastfeeding, a mother breastfeeds two children of different ages at the same time. Although it occurs regularly, there is little research on tandem-breastfeeding and its psychological aspects. The present set of two studies fills this research gap. Study 1 follows a qualitative approach to generate relevant psychological topics related to tandem breastfeeding through semi-structured interviews with tandem breastfeeding mothers and mothers who breastfed two children but not in tandem. In the quantitative Study 2, an online questionnaire was generated based on the relevant factors for tandem-breastfeeding identified in Study 1. We found that older children who were not breastfed in tandem changed their focus from the mother to the partner after birth of the younger sibling and rejected their mother, which was not the case for children who were breastfed in tandem. Tandem-breastfeeding mothers showed more attachment parenting and less authoritarian parenting. However, they felt increased anger and aggression towards the older child. The current set of studies provides the first scientific basis for research in psychological aspects of tandem nursing. It stresses the relevance of research in tandem breastfeeding to avoid adverse effects such as anger towards children, while promoting positive effects on the mother-child relationship.

Indexed as

Breast FeedingCaregiversChild DevelopmentMother-Child RelationsMothersObject AttachmentParentingAdultChildChild, PreschoolEmotionsFemaleHumansInfantMaleSurveys and QuestionnairesBreastfeedingBreastfeeding during pregnancyMother–child relationshipParenting stylesSibling relationshipTandem breastfeeding

Identifiers

PMID42156839
PMCPMC13186955

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.