ArticleNPJ science of food2026
Structural characterization of a fructan from Polygonati Rhizoma and its anti-diabetic effects associated with insulin-signalling-related readouts and gut microbiota modulation.
Article in NPJ science of food, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) involves insulin resistance, hyperglycaemia, and metabolic stress. Polygonati Rhizoma (Huangjing), a traditional edible and medicinal plant widely used in East Asia, has gained attention as a functional food resource. In this study, a fructan-rich polysaccharide fraction (PRP-W-1) was purified and characterized by HPGPC, FT-IR, GC-MS, and NMR. PRP-W-1 showed a single HPGPC peak with a weight-average molecular weight of approximately 4.8 kDa and consisted mainly of fructose ( > 93%) with minor glucose. Linkage and NMR analyses indicated that PRP-W-1 is a low-molecular-weight fructan mainly composed of a 1,2-linked fructofuranosyl backbone, together with a minor glucosyl component and limited branching. In HFD/STZ-induced T2DM mice, PRP-W-1 mitigated body-weight loss, lowered fasting glucose, improved glucose tolerance, and enhanced insulin sensitivity. It also attenuated dyslipidaemia and liver index elevations. PRP-W-1 was associated with increased hepatic PI3K and p-AKT, reduced p-JNK, and restored adipose GLUT4 abundance. It also improved intestinal barrier-related markers, reshaped the gut microbiota, and increased cecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Collectively, these results identify PRP-W-1 as a structurally defined, low-molecular-weight fructan from Polygonati Rhizoma with hypoglycaemic and gut-modulatory effects, supporting its potential as a natural dietary ingredient for metabolic health.
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