ArticleScientific reports2026
Unlocking the stability and storage conditions of plant-derived nanovesicles through metabolomic and lipidomic profiling.
Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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6 authors.
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Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanoscale lipid bilayer carriers that mediate intercellular communication through the transport of bioactive cargo. Plant-derived nanovesicles (PDNVs) have emerged as sustainable platforms for therapeutic, nutraceutical, and biotechnological applications; however, their physicochemical stability under storage and handling conditions remains insufficiently characterized. Here, we present an integrated dual-omics framework combining untargeted metabolomics and lipidomics with ontology-based analyses to systematically evaluate PDNV stability. Vesicles isolated in a single batch were subjected to controlled variations in temperature (+ 25 °C, + 4 °C, -20 °C, -80 °C), storage duration (1 week-3 months), buffer composition (acidic, neutral, basic), lyophilization, and freeze-thaw (F/T) cycling (1x, 3x, 5x), followed by GC-MS and LC-MS analyses. Multivariate (PLS-DA) and univariate analyses revealed that - 80 °C best preserved native metabolite and lipid signatures, whereas + 25 °C induced pronounced remodeling, including ceramide and sugar acid accumulation and depletion of phosphatidylcholine, hexosylceramides, and N-acylethanolamines. Storage at -20 °C maintained short-term stability (~ 1 week) but showed progressive molecular drift over time. Buffer composition exerted modest yet reproducible effects, with PBS maintaining near-native lipid profiles. Lyophilization caused immediate lipid reorganization that remained largely stable during storage, while F/T cycling emerged as the most disruptive stressor. Notably, although multiple conditions altered molecular composition, most changes remained within 10%, underscoring the relative robustness of PDNVs and supporting - 80 °C storage and short-term lyophilization as preferred preservation strategies.
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