Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42155453›Full record

ArticleNeuron2026

Precision fMRI reveals densely interdigitated network patches with conserved motifs in the lateral prefrontal cortex.

Zach Ladwig, Kian Z Kermani, Youngeun Park, Elena Housteau, Ally Dworetsky, Nathan Labora, Joanna J Hernandez, Megan Dorn, Derek M Smith, Derek Evan Nee and 3 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Neuron, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Frontoparietal Hub Connectivity Integrates Information from Multiple Sources.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Functional brain organization is stable within individuals across years.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. A distinct set of brain areas process prosody-the melody of speech.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
  13. Old-New Recognition Memory Revisited.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Zach LadwigKen and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA. Electronic address: zladwig@illinois.edu.
Kian Z KermaniDepartment of Psychology, Urbana, IL, USA; Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
Youngeun ParkDepartment of Psychology, Urbana, IL, USA; Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
Elena HousteauDepartment of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.
Ally DworetskyDepartment of Psychology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32304, USA; Department of Neurology, Washington University St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
Nathan LaboraDepartment of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Department of Psychology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32304, USA.
Joanna J HernandezDepartment of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA; Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
Megan DornDepartment of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.
Derek M SmithDepartment of Neurology, Division of Cognitive Neurology/Neuropsychology, the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
Derek Evan NeeDepartment of Psychology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32304, USA.
Steven E PetersenDepartment of Radiology, Washington University St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Neurology, Washington University St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Washington University St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
Rodrigo M BragaKen and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.
Caterina GrattonDepartment of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA; Department of Psychology, Urbana, IL, USA; Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Department of Psychology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32304, USA. Electronic address: cgratton@illinois.edu.

Funding

Neuropathology CoreP30AG013854 · NIA · NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AT CHICAGO · PI VASSAR, ROBERT J · 1996 to 2020
$28.9M
Research Education Core FP30AG072977 · NIA · NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AT CHICAGO · PI ROBERT J VASSAR · 2021 to 2026
$26.3M
PREDOCTORAL AND POSTDOCTORAL TRAINING PROGRAM IN AGING AND DEMENTIAT32AG020506 · NIA · NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AT CHICAGO · PI ROBERT J VASSAR, SANDRA WEINTRAUB · 2002 to 2026
$9.9M
Sources and Functional Consequences of Individual Differences in Human Functional Brain Networks Related to Controlled BehaviorR01MH118370 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN · PI GRATTON, CATERINA · 2019 to 2023
$3.4M
Precision-Mapping Functional Connectivity in Parkinson's DiseaseR01NS124738 · NINDS · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI MEGHAN C CAMPBELL, Caterina Gratton · 2023 to 2026
$2.4M
Hierarchical Interactions Supporting Cognitive ControlR01MH121509 · NIMH · FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY · PI NEE, DEREK EVAN · 2020 to 2025
$1.9M
NIA NIH HHS P30 AG013854NIA NIH HHS P30 AG072977NIA NIH HHS T32 AG020506NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH118370NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH121509NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS124738
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Dominant models of human lateral prefrontal cortex (LPFC) organization emphasize broad domain-general zones and smooth functional gradients. However, these models rely on group-averaged neuroimaging, which can obscure fine-scale cortical features in highly inter-individually variable regions such as the LPFC. To address this limitation, we collected a new precision fMRI dataset from 10 individuals, each with approximately 2 h of resting-state fMRI and 6 h of task fMRI data. We mapped individual-specific LPFC networks using resting-state data and tested network-level functional preferences using task data. We found that individual LPFC networks showed fragmented and interdigitated organization compared to the group-averaged networks, including novel conserved motifs present across individuals. Task fMRI revealed that distinct yet adjacent networks support domain-specific processes (i.e., language, social cognition, and episodic projection) versus domain-general cognitive control. Sharp functional boundaries were visible at the individual level that could not be observed in group data. These findings uncover previously hidden fine-scale organizational principles present in the LPFC.

Indexed as

Brain MappingMagnetic Resonance ImagingNerve NetPrefrontal CortexAdultFemaleHumansMaleNeural PathwaysYoung Adultassociation cortexbrain networksfMRIlateral prefrontal cortexprecision functional mapping

Identifiers

PMID42155453
PMCPMC13289807

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.