Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42154404›Full record

ArticleSleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung2026

Sleep status among adults.

Xuexue Zhang, Xujie Wang, Hua Qu, Wantong Zhang, Weiliang Weng, Qiuyan Li

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Xuexue ZhangDepartment of general medicine, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 1, xiyuan playground, Zhong Zhi Road, Hai Dian District, Beijing, 100091, China.
Xujie WangNational Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 1, xiyuan playground, Zhong Zhi Road, Hai Dian District, Beijing, 100091, China.
Hua Qu *National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 1, xiyuan playground, Zhong Zhi Road, Hai Dian District, Beijing, 100091, China. hua_qu@yeah.net.
Wantong ZhangNational Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 1, xiyuan playground, Zhong Zhi Road, Hai Dian District, Beijing, 100091, China.
Weiliang Weng *National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 1, xiyuan playground, Zhong Zhi Road, Hai Dian District, Beijing, 100091, China. ww6488@126.com.
Qiuyan Li *Department of general medicine, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 1, xiyuan playground, Zhong Zhi Road, Hai Dian District, Beijing, 100091, China. liqiuyan0928@163.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSleep disorders present a substantial challenge to public health. This study aims to analyze patterns in self-reported trouble sleeping, duration of sleep, and the utilization of prescription medications commonly used for insomnia (MCUFI) among the adult in the US.

methodsData from five cycles of cross-sectional studies were gathered via the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning the years 2009 to 2010 through 2017 to 2018. Participants were asked to self-report on their trouble sleeping and sleep duration.

resultsThe prevalence of self-reported trouble sleeping rose noticeably from 24.93% (95% confidence interval [CI],22.73%-27.28%) in 2009-2010 to 30.03% (95%CI, 27.22%-33.00%) in 2017-2018 (P for trend = 0.001). In 2017-2018, 24.25% (95%CI, 22.04%-26.60%) reported < 7 h of sleep, which is a decreased of 11.94% since 2009-2010, while those reported ≥ 9 h increased from 7.14% (95%CI, 6.21%-8.20%) to 20.89% (95%CI, 19.90%-21.92%). However, those who slept for 7-9 h did not experience a significant change. Moreover, a U-shaped relationship was observed between sleep duration and trouble sleeping, indicating that the optimal amount of sleep for adults is 7.5 h. Furthermore, 3.72% (95%CI, 3.39%-4.09%) of adults used a MCUFI, with the most commonly used medications being zolpidem and trazodone. The overall MCUFI use did not change from 2009 to 2018 (P for trend = 0.9923).

conclusionIn conclusion, the prevalence of self-reported trouble sleeping has risen in the US during the past decade, whereas the utilization of MCUFI has remained steady. Evidence from this study has shown that a sleep duration of 7.5 h is the optimal time for sleep with the lowest risk of encountering trouble sleeping.

Indexed as

Sleep Initiation and Maintenance DisordersSleep Wake DisordersAdultCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansHypnotics and SedativesMaleMiddle AgedNutrition SurveysPrevalenceSelf ReportSleep Aids, PharmaceuticalSleep DurationUnited StatesHypnotics and SedativesSleep Aids, PharmaceuticalNHANESPrescription medication useSleep durationTrouble sleeping

Identifiers

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.