Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42153666›Full record

ArticlemBio2026

A funnel approach to enable analyses of epitope-specific human CD4 T cells specific for influenza and SARS-CoV-2.

K A Richards, R C Mettelman, K Trombly, M Eismann, E K Allen, Z B Scott, A Joachimiak, S Schultz-Cherry, F A Chaves, P G Thomas and 1 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in mBio, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

K A RichardsDavid H. Smith Center for Vaccine Biology and Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA.
R C MettelmanDepartment of Host-Microbe Interactions, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-3527-5616
K TromblyDavid H. Smith Center for Vaccine Biology and Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA.
M EismannDavid H. Smith Center for Vaccine Biology and Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA.
E K AllenDepartment of Host-Microbe Interactions, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA.
Z B ScottDepartment of Host-Microbe Interactions, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA.
A JoachimiakCenter for Structural Biology of Infectious Diseases, Consortium for Advanced Science and Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
S Schultz-CherryDepartment of Host-Microbe Interactions, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2021-727X
F A ChavesDavid H. Smith Center for Vaccine Biology and Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA.
P G ThomasDepartment of Host-Microbe Interactions, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA.
A J SantDavid H. Smith Center for Vaccine Biology and Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-7176-7426

Funding

COVID Supplement - COMPONENT A OF THE COLLABORATIVE INFLUENZA VACCINE INNOVATION CENTERS (CIVICS) PROGRAM TO DESIGN AND EVALUATE INNOVATIVE INFLUENZA VACCINE APPROACHES,75N93019C00052 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA · PI ROSS, TED · 2019 to 2025
$74.6M
NIAID Centers of Excellence for Influenza Research and Response: Universal Influenza Vaccine Research Activities75N93021C00018 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA · PI TOMPKINS, S. MARK · 2021 to 2025
$21.6M
TO PROVIDE SCIENTIFIC SUPPORT TO THE CENTERS FOR RESEARCH ON STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES.75N93022C00035 · NIAID · NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AT CHICAGO · PI SATCHELL, KARLA · 2022 to 2025
$20.7M
Investigating the cellular responses to influenza virus infection and the origins of first exposure immune imprintingF32AI157296 · NIAID · ST. JUDE CHILDREN'S RESEARCH HOSPITAL · PI METTELMAN, ROBERT C · 2021 to 2023
$210k
NIAID NIH HHS 75N93019C00052NIAID NIH HHS F32 AI157296NIAID NIH HHS HHSN272201700060CNIH HHS 75N93021C00018NIH HHS 75N93022C00035NIH HHS U01 AI14461602S1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Protection against pathogens relies heavily on the adaptive immune response, whose key regulators are CD4 T cells. CD4 T cells, notable for their complex repertoire and functional potential, can most easily be dissected by identifying, quantifying, characterizing, and isolating epitope-specific cells. In the study reported here, we present a systematic and unbiased strategy that has enabled the identification of highly immunogenic peptide epitopes derived from influenza virus and SARS-CoV-2, presented by human HLA-DR proteins. Coupling the use of HLA-DR transgenic mice with infection and vaccination and highly sensitive epitope-specific cytokine ELISpot assays, we have narrowed the potential epitopes from 450 to 600 peptides to 5-15 peptides for each allele by an iterative process of elimination and selection, which we have termed a funnel approach. These epitopes have been validated in HLA-DR-typed human CD4 T cells directly

Indexed as

CD4-Positive T-LymphocytesEpitopes, T-LymphocyteInfluenza, HumanSARS-CoV-2AnimalsCOVID-19HLA-DR AntigensHumansMiceMice, TransgenicEpitopes, T-LymphocyteHLA-DR AntigensCD4 T cellepitopesinfluenzaSARS-CoV-2

Identifiers

PMID42153666
PMCPMC13251400

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.