ArticleThe Veterinary record2026
Urinary symmetric dimethylarginine: A promising biomarker for acute kidney injury in dogs with pyometra.
Article in The Veterinary record, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundSymmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) is a biomarker of renal function derived from arginine methylation, unaffected by muscle mass or diet, and increases after only a 25% reduction in renal function, allowing earlier detection of renal dysfunction compared with serum creatinine. Although serum SDMA is well established in veterinary nephrology, urinary SDMA (uSDMA) remains comparatively underexplored, particularly in dogs with acute kidney injury (AKI). This study evaluated uSDMA concentrations and the uSDMA-to-creatinine (uSDMA/Cr) ratio as biomarkers for AKI, using renal histopathology as the reference standard.
methodsTwenty-seven non-azotemic dogs diagnosed with pyometra were evaluated. uSDMA was measured using ELISA, and renal lesions were histopathologically classified as discrete, moderate or severe.
resultsMedian uSDMA concentrations were significantly higher in dogs with severe lesions (0.43 µg/mL, interquartile range [IQR] 0.40-0.47) compared with those with moderate lesions (0.31 µg/mL, IQR 0.24-0.38) and discrete lesions (0.26 µg/mL, IQR 0.22-0.30) (p < 0.001). The uSDMA/Cr ratio was lower in the discrete group (0.0031, IQR 0.0026-0.0036) than in the moderate group (0.0039, IQR 0.0032-0.0048) and the severe group (0.0069, IQR 0.0058-0.0080) (p = 0.0198). LIMITATIONS: The main limitations include the absence of a healthy control group and lack of serial biomarker measurements, which may restrict the assessment of dynamic changes.
conclusionsThese preliminary findings suggest that uSDMA and uSDMA/Cr ratio may serve as biomarkers for assessing AKI severity in dogs, supporting earlier detection and monitoring.
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