ArticleBMC emergency medicine2026
Reporting of Utstein-recommended variables in prehospital traumatic cardiac arrest: a scoping review.
Article in BMC emergency medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTraumatic cardiac arrest (TCA) is a time-critical emergency with substantial heterogeneity across prehospital systems. Standardized reporting using Utstein-recommended variables is essential to enable valid comparison and synthesis across studies. To map how prehospital TCA studies published between 2020 and 2025 report Utstein-recommended variables, assess adherence to core and supplementary elements, and identify gaps and variation in reporting practice.
methodsWe conducted a scoping review following Joanna Briggs Institute guidance and reported according to PRISMA-ScR. PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched for English-language primary studies. Utstein-recommended variables were charted using a prespecified codebook and mapped to Utstein core and supplementary elements. Reporting completeness was summarized descriptively, and study-level reporting patterns were visualized using a heatmap and an UpSet plot.
resultsFifty studies were included. Core elements were more consistently reported than supplementary elements (≥50% reported in 72.0% vs 12.0% of studies). Demographics and arrest etiology were almost universally reported (98-100%), whereas time-interval and dispatch-related variables were rarely reported, including time to first shock (0%), dispatch time variables (4.0%), and time to first CPR (2.0%).
conclusionsReporting of Utstein-recommended variables in contemporary prehospital TCA studies is incomplete and uneven, with persistent underreporting of dispatch- and time-interval elements and limited co-reporting of key core variables required for comparability. Improved adherence to a minimum Utstein-aligned dataset, augmented by trauma-specific descriptors, may strengthen standardization and interpretability of the TCA evidence base. CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER: Not applicable.
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