Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42151179›Full record

ArticleNature communications2026

Minute-scale control of ubiquitin-mediated degradation reveals dynamics of bacterial secreted effector-functions.

Haolin Zhang, Yongxia Guo, Bikash Adhikari, Nevenka Dudvarski-Stankovic, Elmar Wolf, Thomas Rudel

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Haolin ZhangChair of Microbiology, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-6470-4272
Yongxia GuoChair of Microbiology, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany.
Bikash AdhikariInstitute of Biochemistry, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-9064-0356
Nevenka Dudvarski-StankovicInstitute of Biochemistry, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany.
Elmar WolfInstitute of Biochemistry, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-5299-6335
Thomas RudelChair of Microbiology, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany. thomas.rudel@uni-wuerzburg.de.ORCID 0000-0003-4740-6991

Funding

Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (German Research Foundation) RTG 2243Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (German Research Foundation) SFB 1583 (DECIDE)Deutsche Krebshilfe (German Cancer Aid) DKH:TACTICEC | EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation H2020 | H2020 Priority Excellent Science | H2020 European Research Council (H2020 Excellent Science - European Research Council) ERC-2018-ADG/NCI-CADEC | EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation H2020 | H2020 Priority Excellent Science | H2020 European Research Council (H2020 Excellent Science - European Research Council) ERC: PROTAC-PDAC-101087045
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Precise temporal control of protein abundance is essential for dissecting dynamic cellular processes. While degron-based systems enable rapid protein depletion in eukaryotic cells, comparable tools are lacking for bacterial effectors delivered into host cells during infection. Here, we establish AIDE (Auxin-Inducible Degradation of Effectors), a host-directed degradation platform that harnesses the ubiquitin-proteasome system to selectively eliminate secreted bacterial proteins, including membrane-integrated effectors. By integrating a minimal auxin-inducible degron (AID) tag into effector genes, AIDE enables rapid, reversible, and spatially confined degradation while preserving native expression and secretion. We apply AIDE to Chlamydia trachomatis and show, that the membrane-integrated deubiquitinase Cdu1 suppresses autophagy early and later promotes developmental transitions, whereas the integral membrane fusogen IncA remains continuously required to maintain homotypic inclusion fusion. This AIDE platform provides minute-scale, spatiotemporal control over bacterial effector activity and offers a broadly applicable framework for dissecting virulence mechanisms and host-pathogen interactions across diverse secretion-dependent pathogens.

Indexed as

Bacterial ProteinsChlamydia trachomatisProteolysisUbiquitinAutophagyDegronsHost-Pathogen InteractionsHumansIndoleacetic AcidsProteasome Endopeptidase ComplexBacterial ProteinsIndoleacetic AcidsProteasome Endopeptidase ComplexUbiquitin

Identifiers

PMID42151179
PMCPMC13183884

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.