Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42149458›Full record

ArticleMethods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)2026

Skin and Wound Infection Models to Test Host-Pathogen Interactions and Evaluate Topical Antimicrobial Treatments.

Franziska Schwarz, Christin Tautz, Andreas Nitsche, Marica Grossegesse, Annika Vogt, Ulrike Blume-Peytavi, Christoph Schaudinn, Fiorenza Rancan

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In one paragraph

Article in Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Franziska SchwarzHighly Pathogenic Viruses (ZBS1), German Consultant Lab for Poxviruses, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3848-9422
Christin TautzUnit ZBS4 Advanced Light and Electron Microscopy, Department of Dermatology, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany.
Andreas NitscheHighly Pathogenic Viruses (ZBS1), German Consultant Lab for Poxviruses, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8185-3176
Marica GrossegesseHighly Pathogenic Viruses (ZBS1), German Consultant Lab for Poxviruses, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany.
Annika VogtDepartment of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9134-8413
Ulrike Blume-PeytaviDepartment of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3528-3752
Christoph SchaudinnUnit ZBS4 Advanced Light and Electron Microscopy, Department of Dermatology, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7094-7721
Fiorenza RancanDepartment of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany. fiorenza.rancan@charite.de.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3903-3240

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

There is a wide variety of models to study different aspects of infections such as cell lines, organoid cultures, ex vivo models, or even experiments with animals. Each of which mirrors a rising complexity level, and reflect the in vivo condition in humans to a varying degree. When infection models are used to test the therapeutic efficacy and tolerability of antimicrobials or antiseptics, the right choice of model is crucial to truly extract meaningful information and apply these findings to the in vivo circumstances in humans. In this chapter, we report on protocols for using infection models based on ex vivo human skin for the testing of antimicrobial formulations and antiseptics. We describe general protocols to create bacterial and viral infections and to extract and quantify the microorganisms. In addition, we describe the methods for the microscopical visualization of the ex vivo skin and wound infections.

Indexed as

Anti-Infective AgentsHost-Pathogen InteractionsSkinWound InfectionAdministration, TopicalAnimalsHumansAnti-Infective AgentsBacteriaEx vivoSkin infectionSkin modelsVirusWound infection

Identifiers

PMID42149458

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.