ReviewPediatric gastroenterology, hepatology & nutrition2026
Rationale for Determining Energy Requirement in Hospitalized Patients: A Narrative Review.
Review in Pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology & nutrition, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
Malnutrition is common among hospitalized patients and negatively affects clinical outcomes. Therefore, appropriate nutritional support is essential to enhance recovery and survival. Accurate determination of energy requirements is a key component of effective nutritional therapy. Energy expenditure (EE), which determines energy requirements, can be measured directly by indirect calorimetry or estimated using predictive equations. However, because indirect calorimetry is not always feasible in clinical practice, predictive methods based on basal metabolic rate (BMR) are widely used. This narrative review summarizes the physiological basis of energy requirements and the components of total energy expenditure (TEE)-including BMR, physical activity, thermic effect of food, and growth, amount of energy to overcome disease-and compares recommendations from major international guidelines for adult and pediatric patients. It also highlights the importance of continuous monitoring and adjustment according to clinical response.
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