Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42148100›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in immunology2026

Proteomic insights into aprotinin's immunomodulatory effects in attenuating renal fibrosis in a unilateral ureteral obstruction model.

Xinyu Wang, Ying Shen, Danlei Chen, Lele Ding, Yuanlong Ding, Peilin Gan, Qian Long, Lu Song, Yaling Li, Xin Tian and 6 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Xinyu Wang *Department of Nephrology, Yunnan Provincial Clinical Medical Center for Blood Diseases and Thrombosis Prevention and Treatment, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Kunming, China.
Ying Shen *Department of Nephrology, Yunnan Provincial Clinical Medical Center for Blood Diseases and Thrombosis Prevention and Treatment, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Kunming, China.
Danlei Chen *Yunnan Province Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, School of Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China.
Lele DingState Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China.
Yuanlong DingState Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China.
Peilin GanState Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China.
Qian LongState Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China.
Lu SongYunnan Province Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, School of Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China.
Yaling LiYunnan Province Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, School of Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China.
Xin TianState Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China.
Jun ZhangState Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China.
Jian XuDepartment of Nephrology, Yunnan Provincial Clinical Medical Center for Blood Diseases and Thrombosis Prevention and Treatment, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Kunming, China.
Yutaka KakizoeDepartment of Nephrology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan.
Shu YangDepartment of Geriatrics, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
Fucheng LuoState Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China.
Qinyuan DengDepartment of Nephrology, Yunnan Provincial Clinical Medical Center for Blood Diseases and Thrombosis Prevention and Treatment, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Kunming, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Chronic kidney disease involves progressive fibrosis and immune dysregulation. Aprotinin, a broad-spectrum serine protease inhibitor, has shown dose-dependent renal effects, but its role in obstructive nephropathy is unclear. Methods: A unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) mouse model was used to assess aprotinin at 0.5 mg/day and 1 mg/day delivered via osmotic pumps for 7 days. Renal injury and fibrosis was evaluated by histology, serum markers, and expression of inflammation- and fibrosis-related genes. Mechanistic insights were obtained through LC-MS/MS proteomic profiling, functional enrichment analysis, and CIBERSORT-based immune deconvolution. Key proteins, signaling pathways, and immune cell infiltration were validated by Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and flow cytometry. Results: Aprotinin at 1 mg/day significantly reduced tubular injury and interstitial fibrosis, whereas the 0.5 mg/day dose showed minimal benefit. The higher dose caused mild increases in serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen. Proteomic analysis identified differentially expressed proteins enriched in immune regulatory pathways. Cathepsin S (CTSS), a protease involved in antigen presentation, was markedly decreased by aprotinin. CIBERSORT revealed reduced follicular helper T cells and partial restoration of naïve CD4 Conclusions: Aprotinin attenuates renal fibrosis in UUO in a dose-dependent manner. Its effects are associated with suppression of CTSS, inhibition of ERK signaling, and modulation of CD4

Indexed as

AprotininKidneyKidney DiseasesProteomicsUreteral ObstructionAnimalsCD4-Positive T-LymphocytesDisease Models, AnimalFibrosisMaleMiceSignal TransductionAprotininAprotininCathepsin S (CTSS)CD4+ T cellschronic kidney disease (CKD)CIBERSORT

Identifiers

PMID42148100
PMCPMC13175798

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.