ArticleOrthopaedic journal of sports medicine2026
Incidence of Elbow Medial Ulnar Collateral Ligament Repair and Reconstruction: A US Population Database Study 2016 to 2022.
Article in Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Medial ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) injuries of the elbow affect overhead athletes with an increasing incidence over the past few decades. Growing evidence supports UCL repair as a treatment option in patients with low-grade UCL injuries or complete avulsion tears without chronic degenerative changes of the ligament. With this evolution in treatment options, accurate epidemiological data are needed to better understand and treat these injuries. Purpose: To investigate the trends of elbow UCL repair and reconstruction as it relates to the incidence of surgically managed UCL injury diagnoses from 2016 to 2022. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality's Nationwide Ambulatory Surgical Sample database was examined from the period of 2016 to 2022. Patient demographics, diagnosis codes from the Results: From 2016 to 2022, there was a relatively greater increase in volume of UCL repairs compared with reconstructions performed (129% vs 0%). Among the 10- to 39-year-old population, there was an increased incidence of outpatient visits coded with UCL injury diagnoses by 59% (age-adjusted incidence rate ratio [IRR], 1.60; 95% CI, 1.25-2.06; Conclusion: Outpatient encounters for UCL injury and incidence of UCL repairs increased with a stable incidence of UCL reconstructions from 2016 to 2022. This may suggest UCL repair is becoming a more favorable treatment option for certain UCL injuries; however, further studies evaluating indications and outcomes of UCL repair versus reconstruction are warranted to guide management.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.