Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42146104›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology2026

Multiparameter antigen-specific immunoprofiling in subjects with negative IGRA and TST results with potential

Balaji Pathakumari, Luis E Gutierrez, Shaji Ahmed Faisal, Pedro Arias Sanchez, Kale Daniel, Virginia P Van Keulen, Heather R Hilgart, Manik R Reddy, Elitza Theel, Rafael Laniado-Laborin and 4 more

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In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Balaji PathakumariDivision of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States.
Luis E GutierrezDivision of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States.
Shaji Ahmed FaisalDivision of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States.
Pedro Arias SanchezDivision of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States.
Kale DanielDivision of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States.
Virginia P Van KeulenDivision of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States.
Heather R HilgartDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States.
Manik R ReddyDepartment of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
Elitza TheelDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States.
Rafael Laniado-LaborinClinica y Laboratorio de Tuberculosis, Facultad de Medicina y Psicologia, Hospital General Tijuana, Universidad Autonoma de Baja California, ISESALUD, Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico.
Jeremy M ClainDivision of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States.
Tobias PeikertDivision of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States.
Ryan C BaileyDepartment of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
Patricio EscalanteDivision of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: Asymptomatic individuals with negative Interferon-γ release assay (IGRA) and tuberculin skin test (TST) results are often labeled as tuberculosis-unexposed individuals. We hypothesize that flow cytometric (FC) detection of antigen-stimulated T-cells in peripheral blood can differentiate IGRA(-)/TST(-) individuals with and without prior potential Methods: We used FC multiparameter profiling of T-cell activation markers in TST/IGRA-negative individuals at risk for Mtb exposure and in unexposed controls. Results: We studied 54 IGRA(-)/TST(-) subjects, including 27 individuals at risk for prior Mtb exposure. While quantitative IGRA results were negative in all patients, FC profiling of CD3/CD4 Conclusions: FC detection of antigen-specific IFN-γ

Indexed as

Antigens, BacterialInterferon-gamma Release TestsLatent TuberculosisMycobacterium tuberculosisT-LymphocytesTuberculosisAdultCD4-Positive T-LymphocytesFemaleFlow CytometryHLA-DR AntigensHumansInterferon-gammaLymphocyte ActivationMaleMiddle AgedAntigens, BacterialHLA-DR AntigensInterferon-gammaflow cytometrylatent tuberculosis infectionT cell markersTST/IGRAtuberculosis exposure

Identifiers

PMID42146104
PMCPMC13176205

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.