Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42146096›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology2026

Integrative proteome-wide structural analysis and high-throughput docking identify broad-spectrum antiviral scaffolds against Zika, Yellow Fever, West Nile, Saint Louis encephalitis, and Usutu viruses.

Anderson Pereira Soares, André Berndt Penteado, Juan Phillipe Teixeira, Igor Nicodemo de Oliveira, Rodrigo Bentes Kato, Miklos Maximiliano Bajay, Henrique Goulart Trossini Gustavo, Caio Cesar de Melo Freire, Daniel Ferreira de Lima Neto

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Anderson Pereira Soares *Laboratory of Molecular Evolution and Bioinformatics, Center for Biological Sciences, Department of Microbiology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
André Berndt Penteado *Laboratory of Integration of Experimental and Computational Techniques, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Juan Phillipe TeixeiraState University of Santa Catarina (UDESC) - Center for Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
Igor Nicodemo de OliveiraPostgraduate Studies in Biotechnoscience, ABC Federal University (UFABC), Santo André, São Paulo, Brazil.
Rodrigo Bentes KatoLaboratory of Molecular and Computational Biology of Fungi, Department of Biochemistry nd Immunology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
Miklos Maximiliano BajayState University of Santa Catarina (UDESC) - Center for Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
Henrique Goulart Trossini GustavoLaboratory of Integration of Experimental and Computational Techniques, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Caio Cesar de Melo FreireEvolutionary Bioinformatics Laboratory, Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Department of Genetics and Evolution, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil.
Daniel Ferreira de Lima NetoLaboratory of Molecular Evolution and Bioinformatics, Center for Biological Sciences, Department of Microbiology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Integrative proteome-wide virtual screening offers a powerful route to discover broad-spectrum antivirals against emerging flaviviruses, for which no approved therapeutics currently exist. Here, we address this gap by constructing homology models of all structural and nonstructural proteins from Zika, Yellow Fever, West Nile, Saint Louis Encephalitis, and Usutu viruses. We applied a standardized pipeline-combining sequence and structure based pocket prediction (Concavity), electrostatic profiling (APBS), and pharmacokinetic filtering (Lipinski's rules, ADMET)-to generate high-confidence binding sites. A focused library of 160 natural product scaffolds and repurposed antivirals was then docked exhaustively (2,000 runs per pocket) using AutoDock4/Vina, followed by clustering and ranking by binding energy. Comparative analyses (RMSD, PCA, RMSF) confirmed conserved core folds alongside virus-specific surface signatures, guiding grid definition. Among the 40 top-ranked scaffolds, several flavonoids exhibited dual-site binding to the NS5 polymerase and E glycoprotein across at least four viruses, while ribavirin and sofosbuvir engaged conserved catalytic motifs in NS3/NS5, highlighting opportunities for combination strategies. Lead compounds such as myricetin (Estimated Kd ≈ 1.9 µM), temoporfin (Estimated Kd ≈ 1.2 nM), and aurintricarboxylic acid (Estimated Kd ≈ 1.9 µM) demonstrated favorable multitarget profiles. This integrative framework prioritizes robust candidates for experimental validation and optimization of panflaviviral therapeutics.

Indexed as

Antiviral AgentsFlavivirusProteomeBinding SitesEncephalitis Virus, St. LouisFlavivirus InfectionsHumansMolecular Docking SimulationSerine EndopeptidasesViral Nonstructural ProteinsViral ProteinsWest Nile virusYellow fever virusZika VirusAntiviral AgentsNS5 protein, flavivirusProteomeSerine EndopeptidasesViral Nonstructural ProteinsViral ProteinsADME/tox predictionsbinding pocket predictioncomplete viral proteomedrug–drug interactionsflavivirus inhibitorshomology modelingin silico screeningLipinski’s rule of five

Identifiers

PMID42146096
PMCPMC13171538

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.