ArticleFrontiers in medicine2026
Epstein-Barr virus-associated smooth muscle tumor of the lung in a child: a case report and literature review.
Article in Frontiers in medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Pulmonary Epstein-Barr virus-associated smooth muscle tumor (EBV-SMT) is extremely rare in children with congenital immunodeficiency. This case report describes the clinical details of a pediatric pulmonary EBV-SMT case. Case presentation: A 10-year-old boy presented with a three-year history of persistent cough and intermittent fever. Chest computed tomography (CT) revealed multiple nodules in both lungs. Histopathological examination of bronchoscopic excision specimens revealed spindle cell proliferation with a preliminary diagnosis of myofibromatosis, followed by immunohistochemical analysis showing positivity for smooth muscle actin (SMA), Ki-67 (5-8%), and calponin, while Conclusion: Pulmonary EBV-SMT should be considered in pediatric patients with unexplained pulmonary nodules and underlying immunodeficiency. Early diagnosis is essential, and a combination of local tumor control with surgical or bronchoscopic interventions and immunomodulatory therapy may be necessary. However, these treatments may not prevent tumor recurrence and progression, highlighting the challenges in long-term management.
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