ArticleBiomedical optics express2026
Single-shot, depth-encoded multiplexed OCT for multi-spot tracking of induced transient corneal dynamics.
Article in Biomedical optics express, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Fast, non-repeatable transient mechanical events in soft and scattering media are challenging to quantify because they demand high temporal bandwidth, high displacement sensitivity, and multi-point spatial coverage within a single realization. Current non-contact methods for assessing corneal biomechanics often rely on global metrics or single-meridian scanning, potentially missing the focal and asymmetric stiffness changes characteristic in corneal pathologies like keratoconus. In this work, we developed a simultaneous multi-spot air-puff optical coherence tomography (OCT) system as a generalizable parallel interferometric readout architecture to address the limitations of global metrics and single-meridian scanning in detecting focal corneal stiffness changes and to enable artifact-resistant measurement of rapid transients. By leveraging space-division multiplexing with depth encoding, our system tracks dynamic surface deformation at nine locations (one central, eight peripheral) simultaneously. This configuration eliminates sequential scanning artifacts and achieves an effective temporal resolution of 10 µs. We introduce the "Asymmetry Vector" to quantify the magnitude and direction of biomechanical imbalances. In experiments involving a keratoconus-mimicking phantom and human subjects (healthy and keratoconic), this vector correlated strongly with the specific location of corneal pathology. Furthermore, the system revealed a novel "dual-indentation" deformation profile resulting from a spatially widened air-puff stimulus. Beyond corneal elastography, the depth-encoded multiplexed OCT approach provides a scalable route to multi-point, high-speed characterization of transient dynamics where sequential scanning would otherwise induce spatiotemporal misregistration and waveform distortion. These findings establish the technical feasibility of simultaneous multi-spot OCT for biomechanical mapping without sequential-scanning-induced spatiotemporal misregistration and support its potential for automated clinical diagnosis.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.