ArticlePsychophysiology2026
Prolonged Visual Entrainment Induces Long-Lasting Alpha-Band Modulations.
Article in Psychophysiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Neural oscillations are fundamental for encoding, filtering, and integrating sensory information, representing a core computational principle underlying perceptual experience. In particular, fluctuations in alpha (~7-13 Hz) and theta (~4-7 Hz) activity are associated with changes in cortical excitability and rhythmic modulations of perception. These oscillations are not static features but are highly plastic and can be shaped through neural entrainment, whereby brain rhythms synchronize with external rhythmic sensory stimulation. While short-duration (~0.5-5 s) stimulation induces transient (~500 ms), localized entrainment effects, it remains unclear whether prolonged entrainment can produce persistent and spatially widespread modulations in ongoing neural activity. Here, we recorded resting-state EEG before and after 1 min of visual rhythmic stimulation at individualized alpha (individual alpha frequency, IAF; IAF -2 Hz; IAF +2 Hz) and theta (4.5 Hz) frequencies. We assessed frequency-specific and topographic effects by comparing alpha (7-13 Hz) and theta (3-6 Hz) power, frequency, and phase coherence before and after stimulation. Our results show that prolonged visual entrainment induces sustained increases in alpha power and phase coherence, persisting throughout the 1-min post-stimulation period without changes in frequency. Stimulation at IAF induced stronger modulations of intrinsic alpha oscillations than other frequencies, extending bilaterally from posterior to central and anterior regions. In contrast, theta stimulation increased phase consistency but did not induce persistent changes in theta power, suggesting no sustained modulation of endogenous theta activity. Together, these findings provide evidence that prolonged visual entrainment can induce long-lasting and spatially distributed modulations of resting-state alpha oscillations, particularly when stimulation is tuned to the brain's intrinsic resonant frequency. This highlights the frequency-specific nature of neural responsiveness and the potential of rhythmic sensory stimulation to induce long-lasting changes in large-scale brain oscillatory networks.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.