ArticleContact dermatitis2026
Gold and Nickel Release From Gold-Plated Earrings Under Cysteine-Modified Artificial Sweat Conditions.
Article in Contact dermatitis, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundContact allergy to gold is frequently observed in patch testing, although with low clinical relevance. Nickel allergy, in contrast, is common, clinically relevant, and nickel release from jewellery remains a regulatory concern. Standardised artificial sweat tests show no detectable gold release from gold-containing jewellery.
objectivesTo assess surface composition and the release of nickel and gold from gold-plated earrings under clinically relevant biochemical conditions.
methodsTen pairs of low-cost gold-plated earrings were analysed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray fluorescence. Metal release was assessed using a cysteine-modified artificial sweat solution at 30°C for 168 h. Gold and nickel concentrations were quantified by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.
resultsNickel release was detected in 10/10 earrings (median: 2.1 μg/cm
conclusionNickel release from gold-plated earrings was widespread and often exceeded regulatory limits, indicating that gold plating does not reliably prevent nickel exposure. Gold release occurred in some earrings, but the clinical relevance remains uncertain.
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