ArticleEuropean spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society2026
Endovascular-microsurgical treatment of hypervascular spinal tumors: influence of cervical, thoracic, and lumbar vascular anatomy on embolization decisions and primary clinical outcomes (25-case series).
Article in European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo assess whether preoperative spinal angiography with endovascular embolization followed by microsurgical resection is technically feasible and safe for hypervascular spinal tumors, and to examine how cervical, thoracic, and lumbar vascular anatomy influences feasibility.
methodsWe retrospectively reviewed 25 patients treated from 2017 to 2025 at two centers (14 men, 11 women; mean age 53 years) with hypervascular tumors involving the cervical (n = 3), thoracic (n = 15), lumbar and sacral (n = 7) spine. All underwent preoperative angiography (DSA)-embolization (within the same procedure if technically possible). We recorded whether embolization could be safely performed and any embolization-related complications; we also graded angiographic devascularization (devascularization grade, DG) and operative estimated blood loss (EBL). Selective or super-selective embolization was performed when arterial anatomy allowed safe catheterization, and surgery followed within 24-48 h.
resultsEmbolization was feasible in 23/25 patients (92%): thoracic 15/15 (100%), lumbar 6/6 (100%), sacral 1/1 (100%), and cervical 1/3 (33%). Two cervical RCC (renal cell carcinoma) metastases were not embolized because multiple short feeders shared trunks with radiculomedullary (spinal cord-supplying) arteries, precluding safe super-selective access. Among embolized cases, super-selective feeder occlusion was performed in 5/23 (21.7%) and segmental-vessel embolization in 18/23 (78.3%) using precipitating hydrophobic injectable liquid (PHIL), coils, and n-butyl cyanoacrylate (NBCA). High-grade devascularization (DG2-3) was achieved in all embolized cases, and completion angiography showed no or minimal residual tumor blush. There were no permanent embolization-related neurological deficits (0/23); one transient ischemic event occurred (1/23, 4.3%; vertebrobasilar ischemia in a C2 aneurysmal bone cyst) with full recovery. Mean estimated blood loss was 650 mL (median 600; range 400-800 mL. Differences in mean EBL between subsets of RCC and non-RCC tumors were statistically unsignificant, Correlations between DG and EBL was not identified.
conclusionA coordinated endovascular-surgical pathway achieved high embolization feasibility with no permanent embolization-related neurological complications, and no postoperative neurological deterioration in this cohort. Feasibility limitations were concentrated in the cervical spine, where short, shared feeders involving spinal cord-supplying arteries can preclude safe embolization. Limitations include retrospective design, small cohort with few cervical cases, and heterogeneous tumors/embolic agents; prospective studies with standardized devascularization and functional outcome metrics are warranted.
Indexed as
Identifiers
42144462What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.