ArticleBMC infectious diseases2026
Long-term effectiveness of titanium dioxide-silver composite coating in reducing healthcare-associated infections in chronic respiratory care wards: a controlled trial.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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6 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundEnvironmental surfaces contribute significantly to healthcare-associated infection (HAI) transmission. This study evaluated HyTAMO, a titanium dioxide-silver composite coating, in chronic respiratory care wards where patients require prolonged mechanical ventilation.
methodsTwo 36-bed ventilator-dependent chronic care wards on different floors were compared from October 2024 to March 2025. Ward 2 F (experimental) received HyTAMO coating on high-touch surfaces; Ward 3 F (control) maintained standard cleaning. Environmental sampling (ATP, total viable counts and 16 S rRNA sequencing) was performed at baseline and weeks 0, 1, 2, 4, and 8. HAI rates were monitored for 5 months using CDC definitions.
resultsBaseline characteristics were generally comparable, except for patient age (80.0 vs. 75.6 years, favoring control group infection risk). Environmental bacterial counts showed no statistically significant Group × Time interaction (F(5,20) = 3.012, p = 0.076). However, HAI density in the experimental ward showed a progressive decline from 4.7 to 0.9 per 1000 patient-days over the 5-month post-intervention period, whereas the control ward exhibited an initial decrease followed by a rebound to pre-intervention levels (3.67→0.83→5.87‰). Poisson regression revealed a significant Group × Time interaction (p = 0.038), indicating divergent HAI trajectories between wards.
conclusionsHyTAMO coating was associated with significantly divergent HAI trends compared with the control ward over a 5-month period, with the experimental ward showing progressive decline in HAI density despite non-significant differences in environmental bacterial counts. The disconnect between environmental and clinical outcomes warrants mechanistic investigation. The ultra-long patient stay duration (mean 3.2 years) provided ideal conditions for assessing long-term coating durability.
trial registrationNot applicable. The Institutional Review Board of Changhua Christian Hospital formally determined that this study does not constitute human subjects research (IRB Exemption Statement, May 17, 2024) accordingly, trial registration was not required.
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