Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42141890›Full record

ArticleEuro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin2026

Imported case of avian influenza A(H9N2) virus infection in a patient with miliary tuberculosis, Italy, March 2026.

Elena Pariani, Simona Puzelli, Gabriele Del Castillo, Greta Romano, Luca Mezzadri, Cristina Galli, Irene Maria Sciabica, Luigi Vezzosi, Francesca Sabbatini, Cristina Paduraru and 8 more

Abstract readCase Reports
In one paragraph

Article in Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Avian influenza overview March-May 2026.EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2026
    Article
  3. Cross-reactive human antibody responses to H9N2 influenza virus, New York, United States, 2025.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

18 authors.

Elena ParianiDepartment of biomedical sciences for health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
Simona PuzelliNational Influenza Centre, Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
Gabriele Del CastilloRegional Centre for Infectious Diseases, Lombardy Region (Ceremi), Italy.
Greta RomanoMicrobiology and Virology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy.
Luca MezzadriSchool of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy.
Cristina GalliDepartment of biomedical sciences for health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
Irene Maria SciabicaMicrobiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza, Italy.
Luigi VezzosiDepartment of Prevention, General Directorate for Health, Lombardy Region, Milan, Italy.
Francesca SabbatiniInfectious Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza, Italy.
Cristina PaduraruDepartment of biomedical sciences for health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
Irene MiletoMicrobiology and Virology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy.
Marcello TiraniHealth Protection Agency of Monza-Brianza, Monza, Italy.
Anna Teresa PalamaraNational Influenza Centre, Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
Paola StefanelliNational Influenza Centre, Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
Fausto BaldantiDepartment of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Paediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
Danilo CeredaRegional Centre for Infectious Diseases, Lombardy Region (Ceremi), Italy.
Paolo BonfantiSchool of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy.
Collaborating Centres’ Study Group on InfluenzaThe members of the Collaborating Centres' Study Group on Influenza are listed under Collaborators.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

On 21 March 2026, avian influenza A(H9N2) virus was confirmed in Italy in a patient with miliary tuberculosis. The patient had recently travelled to West Africa. Following the detection of an unsubtypable influenza A virus, rapid molecular confirmation and full genome sequencing were performed. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the virus belonged to subclade G5.5 and was closely related to African strains. Epidemiological investigations identified no additional cases, suggesting there was no evidence of onward transmission at the time of reporting.

Indexed as

Communicable Diseases, ImportedInfluenza A Virus, H9N2 SubtypeInfluenza, HumanTuberculosis, MiliaryAfrica, WesternAnimalsHumansItalyMalePhylogenyTravelA(H9N2)avian influenzapandemic preparednesspublic health responsesurveillancevirus

Identifiers

PMID42141890
PMCPMC13090752

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.