ArticleBMC musculoskeletal disorders2026
Modified retrograde ESIN for diametaphyseal distal radius fractures in children: a retrospective cohort study.
Article in BMC musculoskeletal disorders, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDiametaphyseal distal radius fractures in children represent a therapeutic challenge because conventional elastic stable intramedullary nailing (ESIN) may provide insufficient distal fragment control, while alternative fixation methods are more invasive. This study evaluates a modified retrograde ESIN technique with a 90° distal bend ("crutch-bend technique") designed to improve distal fragment support and alignment.
methodsIn this retrospective single-center study, 43 pediatric patients with diametaphyseal distal radius fractures treated between 2022 and 2025 were analyzed. Patients received either standard ESIN (n = 21) or modified crutch-bend ESIN (n = 22). Coronal and sagittal angulation were measured on standard anteroposterior and lateral radiographs. Revision surgery, fracture healing, and clinical status at follow-up were recorded.
resultsPostoperative coronal angulation was significantly lower in the modified ESIN group (3.8 ± 1.2°) compared with the standard ESIN group (8.1 ± 1.5°), corresponding to a mean difference of 4.3° (95% CI 3.5-5.1; p < 0.0001). Sagittal angulation was also reduced (2.1 ± 1.1° vs. 3.2 ± 0.9°; mean difference 1.1°, 95% CI 0.5-1.7; p = 0.0007). Revision surgery for secondary displacement occurred in two patients (9.5%) after standard ESIN and in none after the modified technique (p = 0.233). All fractures achieved radiographic union within approximately four weeks, and no clinically documented functional limitations were reported at follow-up.
conclusionsThe crutch-bend modification of retrograde ESIN was associated with improved postoperative radiographic alignment in this retrospective cohort. Whether this translates into clinically meaningful advantages remains uncertain and requires further investigation in larger prospective studies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.