Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42141381›Full record

Observational studyEuropean journal of sport science2026

Role-Specific Performance Profiles of Professional Cyclists in a Grand Tour.

José Luis Sánchez-Jiménez, Alejandro Javaloyes, David Barranco, Iván Peña-González, Manuel Moya-Ramón, Manuel Mateo-March

Erratum issuedAbstract readObservational Study
In one paragraph

Observational study in European journal of sport science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Observational
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

José Luis Sánchez-JiménezResearch Group in Sports Biomechanics (GIBD), Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5055-1789
Alejandro JavaloyesDepartment of Sport Sciences, Sports Research Centre, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Alicante, Spain.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2689-4244
David BarrancoDepartment of Sports Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Sports, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4869-5900
Iván Peña-GonzálezDepartment of Sport Sciences, Sports Research Centre, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Alicante, Spain.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6810-0911
Manuel Moya-RamónDepartment of Sport Sciences, Sports Research Centre, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Alicante, Spain.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2291-5899
Manuel Mateo-MarchDepartment of Sport Sciences, Sports Research Centre, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Alicante, Spain.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4418-8263

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Professional cycling in Grand Tours involves varied stage types and rider roles, but intra-stage workload dynamics remain underexplored. Observational study of 36 male professional cyclists in the 2020 Vuelta a España, categorized as climbers (n = 13), all-rounders (n = 13), and flat specialists (n = 10). Power meter data from 17 stages (3 flat, 9 semi-mountainous, 5 mountain) were analyzed using principal component analysis and mixed models to assess changes across stage progression (0%-100%). Climbers showed high initial high-intensity power in mountain stages, decreasing by 40.70 W per 10%, with average power increasing by 8.45 W per 10%. All-rounders' average power increased by 0.25 W per 10% in mountain, 0.03 W in semi-mountainous, and 10.40 W in flat stages. Flat specialists' average power increased by 0.26 W in mountain, decreased by 0.04 W in semi-mountainous, and increased by 9.29 W in flat stages. Mountain stages had high initial intensity with efficiency rising by 0.02 per 10%; semi-mountainous stages showed mixed patterns; flat stages had power increases of 9.29-10.40 W per 10%. Workload varies by role and stage, offering insights for targeted training and tactics in Grand Tours.

Indexed as

Athletic PerformanceBicyclingAdultHumansMalecyclist rolesgrand tourintra‐stage dynamicsintra‐stage workloadpower outputprofessional cycling

Identifiers

PMID42141381
PMCPMC13179141

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.