ArticleAAPS PharmSciTech2026
Quality-by-design-based fabrication of betaxolol hydrochloride-loaded nano-ocular carrier via ternary phase mapping of solid/liquid lipids and BBD modeling for enhanced transcorneal flux and IOP-lowering effect.
Article in AAPS PharmSciTech, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
The anti-glaucoma drug betaxolol hydrochloride (BH) exhibits poor ocular bioavailability due to limited corneal permeability, rapid precorneal loss, short retention time, and lacrimal drainage when administered conventionally. In the present study, a solid-liquid lipid-based nano-ocular carrier (NC) of BH was developed to modulate transcorneal permeability and improve intraocular efficacy. Initially, solid and liquid lipid excipients were screened on the basis of BH solubility, followed by ternary phase behavior analysis in normal saline to identify a one-phase region (OPR). It was processed at a controlled temperature, enabling the transformation of the nano-emulsified system into lipid-based NCs. NCs were fabricated from glyceryl monostearate (X
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