Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42141153›Full record

ArticleClinical oral investigations2026

The effect of bite planes on deepbite correction with clear aligners.

Bingguo Kou, Yimeng Xu, Qiong Liu, Zexuan Yang, Yue Hui, Siyu Lan, Wenmin Ye, Qian Liu, Zexu Gu

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Clinical oral investigations, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Bingguo Kou *State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0006-6576-9824
Yimeng Xu *State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1052-9421
Qiong LiuState Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0003-5776-5901
Zexuan YangState Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0002-4145-2778
Yue HuiState Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0005-4187-6003
Siyu LanState Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0001-0584-8129
Wenmin YeXijing 986 Hospital Department, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China. yewenm_fmmu@163.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0008-2487-4913
Qian LiuState Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China. xj6767@163.com.
Zexu GuState Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China. guzexu@fmmu.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0002-8840-567X

Funding

Clinical New Technology Project of School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University LX20022-301Clinical Research Project of Fourth Military Medical University 2022LC2238; 2023LG2329Special Project of Chinese National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases LCB202409
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesDeep overbite correction with clear aligners faces challenges including decreased anterior intrusion efficiency and spontaneous molar intrusion. Bite planes are often incorporated to address these issues, but their effects remain debated. This study aimed to investigate the impact of bite planes on anterior intrusion efficiency and posterior displacement during a specific deep overbite correction phase using clear aligners. MATERIALS AND

methodsThis retrospective study included 36 adult patients with deep overbite who were treated with the clear aligner (Smartee

resultsNo significant difference was found in anterior intrusion accuracy between the bite plane group (18.8% ± 24.7%) and the control group (18.4% ± 21.6%). The bucco-lingual movement of teeth where bite planes were designed was not significantly affected. Premolars in both groups exhibited extrusion ranging from 0.0 to 0.5 mm, with no significant intergroup difference. Molars in the control group exhibited 0.1-0.2 mm of spontaneous intrusion (P<0.01), which showed a positive correlation with treatment duration. The maxillary molar intrusion correlated moderately with the number of aligners (r = 0.49, P<0.0001), while the correlation was weaker in the mandible (r = 0.33, P = 0.0031). In contrast, the bite plane group showed no spontaneous molar intrusion but rather slight extrusion of 0.1-0.2 mm, with no correlation with treatment duration.

conclusionBite planes in clear aligners do not enhance anterior intrusion efficiency or affect labiolingual movement but effectively prevent spontaneous molar intrusion caused by the "posterior bite-block effect," thereby helping maintain vertical molar position during deep overbite correction. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The bite planes in clear aligners are less effective in inducing posterior teeth extrusion and the associated increase in vertical facial height compared to those in fixed appliances. However, they do not affect the intrusion and labiolingual movement of anterior teeth, and prevent spontaneous intrusion of molars, making them a recommended design for deepbite correction in both normodivergent and hypodivergent patients.

Indexed as

Orthodontic Appliance DesignOrthodontic Appliances, RemovableOverbiteTooth Movement TechniquesAdultFemaleHumansMaleRetrospective StudiesTreatment OutcomeBite planeClear alignerDeep overbiteIntrusionPosterior bite-block effect

Identifiers

PMID42141153
PMCPMC13179206

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.