Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42141122›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2026

Keratin 1 and keratin 18 as immunohistochemical markers for distinguishing pulmonary metastases of oral squamous cell carcinoma from primary lung squamous cell carcinoma.

Yoshiko Watanabe, Hisami Kato, Rei Ishikawa, Kimio Yoshimura, Hidetaka Yamada, Ryosuke Miyazaki, Sayuri Takeuchi, S M Jahurul Haque, Katsuhiro Yoshimura, Yasuhiro Sakai and 7 more

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Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors.

Yoshiko WatanabeDepartment of Dentistry and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Chuo-ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Shizuoka, Japan.
Hisami KatoDepartment of Tumor Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Chuo-ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Shizuoka, Japan.
Rei IshikawaDepartment of Tumor Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Chuo-ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Shizuoka, Japan.
Kimio YoshimuraDepartment of Health Policy and Management, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.
Hidetaka YamadaDepartment of Tumor Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Chuo-ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Shizuoka, Japan.
Ryosuke MiyazakiDepartment of Tumor Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Chuo-ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Shizuoka, Japan.
Sayuri TakeuchiDepartment of Tumor Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Chuo-ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Shizuoka, Japan.
S M Jahurul HaqueDepartment of Tumor Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Chuo-ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Shizuoka, Japan.
Katsuhiro YoshimuraDepartment of Tumor Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Chuo-ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Shizuoka, Japan.
Yasuhiro SakaiDepartment of Tumor Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Chuo-ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Shizuoka, Japan.
Miki SugitaDepartment of Dentistry and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Chuo-ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Shizuoka, Japan.
Yusuke InoueSecond Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Japan.
Yusuke TakanashiDepartment of Surgery 1, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Japan.
Keigo SekiharaDepartment of Surgery 1, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Japan.
Kazuhito FunaiDepartment of Surgery 1, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Japan.
Kazuma MasumotoDepartment of Dentistry and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Chuo-ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Shizuoka, Japan. kazusan@hama-med.ac.jp.
Kazuya ShinmuraDepartment of Tumor Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Chuo-ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Shizuoka, Japan. kzshinmu@hama-med.ac.jp.

Funding

Japan Society for the Promotion of Science 25K10316
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Accurate distinction between pulmonary metastases of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and primary lung squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is critical for clinical management, but practical immunohistochemical markers remain limited in routine practice. We screened three public mRNA expression datasets, GSE84846 for OSCC and The Cancer Genome Atlas and Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium for LSCC, and selected six candidate markers for immunohistochemical evaluation in 39 OSCC and 92 LSCC specimens. Among them, keratin 1 (K1; encoded by KRT1) and keratin 18 (K18; encoded by KRT18) showed the most significant differential expression between OSCC and LSCC (both p < 0.0001). K1 was predominantly expressed in OSCC and rarely in LSCC, whereas K18 showed the opposite pattern. K1 showed high specificity (0.989) and an odds ratio of 117.8, while K18 showed a specificity of 0.974 and an odds ratio of 59.1. Receiver operating characteristic analysis confirmed strong discriminatory performance for K1 (AUC, 0.865) and K18 (AUC, 0.872). In four whole-exome sequencing-confirmed pairs of primary OSCC and lung metastases, staining patterns for both markers were concordant between the primary oral tumors and pulmonary lesions. These findings support K1 and K18 as practical markers for distinguishing pulmonary metastases of OSCC from primary LSCC.

Indexed as

Biomarkers, TumorCarcinoma, Squamous CellKeratin-1Keratin-18Lung NeoplasmsMouth NeoplasmsAgedDiagnosis, DifferentialFemaleHumansImmunohistochemistryMaleMiddle AgedROC CurveBiomarkers, TumorKeratin-1Keratin-18KRT18 protein, humanKRT1 protein, humanImmunohistochemistryK1K18Lung squamous cell carcinomaOral squamous cell carcinomaPulmonary metastasis

Identifiers

PMID42141122
PMCPMC13369157

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