Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42140214›Full record

ReviewThe Lancet. Microbe2026

Exceeding expectations: factors contributing to the potency of human papillomavirus vaccines.

John T Schiller, Rhonda C Kines, Patricia M Day, Nicolas Çuburu, Aimée R Kreimer, Douglas R Lowy

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in The Lancet. Microbe, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

John T SchillerCenter for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. Electronic address: schillej@mail.nih.gov.
Rhonda C KinesCenter for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Patricia M DayCenter for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Nicolas ÇuburuCenter for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Aimée R KreimerDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Douglas R LowyCenter for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.

Funding

Understanding Papillomavirus Virion Proteins and VaccinesZIABC009052 · NCI · DIVISION OF BASIC SCIENCES - NCI · PI SCHILLER, JOHN T. · 2009 to 2025
$38.4M
Papillomavirus Virion Proteins and Vaccines Z01BC009052 · NCI · DIVISION OF BASIC SCIENCES - NCI · PI SCHILLER, JOHN T. · 1996 to 2008
$3.3M
Intramural NIH HHS Z01 BC009052Intramural NIH HHS Z99 CA999999Intramural NIH HHS ZIA BC009052
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The commercial prophylactic vaccines for human papillomavirus (HPV) are subunit vaccines composed of spontaneously assembled virus-like particles formed from 360 copies of the L1 major virion protein. The vaccines have exceeded expectations in immunogenicity, clinical trials efficacy, and effectiveness in national immunisation programmes. Booster doses are not required to generate these outcomes. In this Review, we discuss the immunological and virological considerations that can help with explaining the high potency of HPV vaccines. These considerations provide biological plausibility for HPV vaccines being the first subunit vaccines to confer high-level, long-term protection after a single priming dose, support projections of eliminating vaccine-targeted types in populations with achievable coverage rates in adolescents, and offer insights for developing future antimicrobial vaccines.

Indexed as

Human Papillomavirus VirusesPapillomavirus InfectionsPapillomavirus VaccinesAdolescentFemaleHumansProtein Subunit VaccinesVaccine EfficacyVaccines, SubunitPapillomavirus VaccinesProtein Subunit VaccinesVaccines, Subunit

Identifiers

PMID42140214
PMCPMC13224096

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.