ArticleBiosensors & bioelectronics2026
Smartphone-based preeclampsia diagnosis through detection of dual biomarkers - nephrin and podocalyxin.
Article in Biosensors & bioelectronics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) causes approximately 15% of maternal deaths globally, with disproportionately high mortality in low- and middle-income countries. Current diagnostic protocols require laboratory infrastructure and trained personnel, excluding women in resource-limited settings. We developed a smartphone-integrated dual-biomarker lateral flow assay (LFA) platform for simultaneous quantification of nephrin (NPHS1) and podocalyxin (PODXL), two podocyturia-associated biomarkers with established clinical cut-off values of >304.6 ng/mL and >59.5 ng/mL, respectively. Six monoclonal antibodies were generated via hybridoma technology and screened to identify optimal capture-detection pairs. Selected antibody-functionalized gold nanoparticles (Ab@AuNPs) were assembled into sandwich immunoassay strips on nitrocellulose membranes. The assay detected both biomarkers across 0-1,000 ng/mL, with LODs of 2.41 (NPHS1) and 2.27 ng/mL (PODXL) and sigmoidal fits (R
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