ArticleRevista brasileira de epidemiologia = Brazilian journal of epidemiology2026
Spatial and temporal distribution of Brazilian spotted fever in an endemic area: epidemiological profile of a zoonosis in constant adaptation to anthropogenic actions.
Article in Revista brasileira de epidemiologia = Brazilian journal of epidemiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Outbreak of Brazilian Spotted Fever, Southeastern Brazil, 2018.Emerging infectious diseases · 2026Article
- The molecular biology of disease vectors collection: celebrating the tenth workshop on genetics, molecular biology, and control of insect vectors of tropical diseases (the Entomol).Parasites & vectors · 2026Article
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4 authors.
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Abstract
objectiveTo analyze the spatial and temporal distribution of probable infection sites (PIS) for Brazilian spotted fever (BSF) and to evaluate changes in the occurrence pattern in an endemic area in the interior of the state of São Paulo.
methodsA cross-sectional study was conducted with 40 confirmed cases of BSF (2007-2024) with identified PIS in the municipality of Americana, São Paulo. Data were obtained from the Notifiable Diseases Information System (Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação), epidemiological investigation reports, and acarological surveys. For each georeferenced PIS, data on microclimate, altimetry, slope, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), and proximity to water bodies were analyzed.
resultsCases were atypically concentrated in the first half of the year, differing from the expected pattern for areas of transmission by Amblyomma sculptum, influenced by the outbreak recorded in 2018. PIS were concentrated near water bodies, in areas of degraded riparian forest and microclimates characterized by mild temperatures and high humidity, with low NDVI values, low altitude, and low slope. Spatial clustering was observed, along with an expansion of transmission toward urbanized areas over the study period: initially (2007-2015, nine cases) in the northern/northeastern portion of the municipality, in bordering regions, and more recently (2016-2024, 25 cases) advancing toward central areas, with the formation of large clusters.
conclusionThe findings indicate an eco-epidemiological alert scenario associated with the proximity between high densities of vectors, amplifying hosts, and human populations, reinforcing the need for intensified surveillance and targeted health education starting in the second quarter of the year.
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