Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42138762›Full record

ArticleJournal of robotic surgery2026

Potential contribution of extended reality to safety in minimally invasive hepatectomy: a comparative study of laparoscopic and robotic approaches.

Shigetoshi Naito, Masatoshi Kajiwara, Ryo Nakashima, Takahide Sasaki, Katsudai Shirakabe, Suguru Hasegawa

Abstract readComparative Study
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of robotic surgery, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Shigetoshi NaitoDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Fukuoka University, 7- 45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka City, 814-0180, Japan. shinaito7110@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4734-0785
Masatoshi KajiwaraDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Fukuoka University, 7- 45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka City, 814-0180, Japan.
Ryo NakashimaDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Fukuoka University, 7- 45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka City, 814-0180, Japan.
Takahide SasakiDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Fukuoka University, 7- 45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka City, 814-0180, Japan.
Katsudai ShirakabeDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Fukuoka University, 7- 45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka City, 814-0180, Japan.
Suguru HasegawaDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Fukuoka University, 7- 45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka City, 814-0180, Japan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Minimally invasive liver surgery requires a precise understanding of complex liver anatomy. Extended reality (XR) technologies, including virtual reality and mixed reality, offer promising solutions for enhancing preoperative planning and intraoperative guidance. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of XR technology in minimally invasive hepatectomy and compare the outcomes of laparoscopic and robotic approaches. We retrospectively reviewed the clinical records of 102 patients who underwent minimally invasive hepatectomy. Patients were categorized into XR-assisted (n = 47) and without XR (n = 55) groups. The XR group had significantly higher IWATE difficulty scores (median 6 vs. 4, P < 0.001) and a greater proportion of anatomical resections (57.4% vs. 27.3%, P = 0.003). Nevertheless, the estimated blood loss (median 150 mL vs. 100 mL, P = 0.054) and incidence of severe complications (6.4% vs. 0%, P = 0.094) did not differ significantly between the XR and non-XR groups. Subgroup analyses of the robotic and laparoscopic procedures showed similar trends in safety outcomes. The potential of XR technology to enhance anatomical understanding suggests its valuable role in improving surgical quality and safety.

Indexed as

HepatectomyLaparoscopyMinimally Invasive Surgical ProceduresRobotic Surgical ProceduresVirtual RealityAdultAgedBlood Loss, SurgicalFemaleHumansLiverMaleMiddle AgedPostoperative ComplicationsRetrospective StudiesTreatment OutcomeExtended realityHepatectomyMinimally invasive surgeryVirtual reality

Identifiers

PMID42138762

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.