SynthesisWorld journal of surgery2026
Building Surgical Capacity in Resource-Limited Settings Through Innovative Laparoscopy Training: A Systematic Review of Educational Interventions.
Synthesis in World journal of surgery, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
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Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundLaparoscopic surgery offers substantial benefits compared to open surgery, yet access to structured laparoscopic training remains limited in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This systematic review aimed to synthesize evidence on training interventions, methods, and outcomes of laparoscopic education programs in LMICs.
methodsA systematic search of PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science was performed from 1990 to September 2025, including studies that reported laparoscopic training programs conducted in LMICs as defined by the World Bank classification. Data were extracted on study setting, training method, participant characteristics, and outcomes. Due to heterogeneity of study designs and interventions, a narrative synthesis was conducted.
resultsNineteen studies were included, spanning Africa, Latin America, Asia, and the Caribbean. Training methods were diverse, encompassing low-cost simulators, telesimulation and telementoring, structured curricula, international collaborations, and virtual or remote learning. Participant groups ranged from small cohorts of residents and rural surgeons to large-scale programs training thousands of practitioners. Reported outcomes consistently demonstrated improved technical skills, increased knowledge and confidence, high participant satisfaction, and evidence of feasibility and cost-effectiveness. Longitudinal implementation studies in Ghana and Ethiopia highlighted progressive adoption of laparoscopy with increasing independence of local surgeons. Barriers identified included limited access to equipment, lack of simulation laboratories, and insufficient integration into formal curricula.
conclusionsLaparoscopic training in LMICs is feasible, effective, and increasingly diverse in delivery models. Innovative low-cost simulators, telesimulation, and structured curricula have proven particularly successful in overcoming resource constraints. Expansion of sustainable context-appropriate training programs is essential to strengthen surgical capacity in LMICs.
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Registered trials
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