ArticleFrontiers in endocrinology2026
Nonlinear relationship between serum ferritin and diabetic retinopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: mediating role of neutrophil-to-albumin ratio.
Article in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Aims: To clarify the relationship between serum ferritin (SF) levels and diabetic retinopathy (DR) and to analyze the mediating role of the neutrophil-to-albumin ratio (NAR). Methods: A total of 1,884 middle-aged and elderly patients (aged ≥ 45 years) with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were included in this study. Participants were divided into non-DR and DR groups. Adjusted regression models, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, threshold effect analysis, and mediation effect analysis were performed. T2DM patients were divided into three groups, and differences in the prevalence of DR were compared. Results: SF and NAR levels were higher in the DR group than in the non-DR group (P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed a significant positive correlation between SF levels and the risk of DR. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) and threshold effect analyses revealed a nonlinear relationship between SF and the risk of DR, with an optimal inflection point at a SF value of 27.9556. Additionally, NAR was positively correlated with the risk of DR. The prevalence of DR increased with increasing levels of NAR markers and SF ( Conclusions: SF levels in middle-aged and elderly patients with T2DM are associated with an increased risk of DR. NAR, an inflammatory marker, plays an important mediating role in the association between ferritin and the risk of DR. The combined use of SF and NAR may serve as a more sensitive indicator for the early diagnosis of DR.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.