Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42137244›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in genetics2026

Genetic metrics decode

Dativa Pereus, Abebe A Fola, Catherine Bakari, Misago D Seth, Rebecca DeFeo, Beatus M Lyimo, Celine I Mandara, Rashid A Madebe, Doris Mbata, Zachary R Popkin-Hall and 13 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in genetics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Imported malaria predominates in near-elimination settings in Southwestern Uganda.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

23 authors.

Dativa PereusNational Institute for Medical Research, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Abebe A FolaDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States.
Catherine BakariNational Institute for Medical Research, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Misago D SethNational Institute for Medical Research, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Rebecca DeFeoDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States.
Beatus M LyimoSchool of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Nelson Mandela African Institute of Science and Technology, Arusha, Tanzania.
Celine I MandaraNational Institute for Medical Research, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Rashid A MadebeNational Institute for Medical Research, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Doris MbataNational Institute for Medical Research, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Zachary R Popkin-HallDivision of Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.
Ramadhan MoshiNational Institute for Medical Research, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Ruth B MbwamboNational Institute for Medical Research, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Daniel MbwamboNational Malaria Control Programme, Dodoma, Tanzania.
Sijenunu AaronNational Malaria Control Programme, Dodoma, Tanzania.
Abdallah LusasiNational Malaria Control Programme, Dodoma, Tanzania.
Samwel LazaroNational Malaria Control Programme, Dodoma, Tanzania.
David J GiesbrechtDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States.
Benard KulohomaInternational Aids Vaccine Initiative (IAVI), Nairobi, Kenya.
Jonathan J JulianoDivision of Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.
Jeffrey A BaileyDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States.
Gerald JumaDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya.
Victor A MobegiDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya.
Deus S IshengomaNational Institute for Medical Research, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: Recent evidence indicates that an increasing number of endemic countries have deployed and are using genomic surveillance to determine and monitor the trends and patterns of malaria transmission. This study aimed to evaluate and identify the most informative genetic metrics for establishing and monitoring the genetic diversity of Methods: A cross-sectional survey of symptomatic patients was conducted in 100 health facilities from February to July 2021 and covered 10 regions categorized into four strata based on transmission intensity. Parasite samples (n = 12,875) were collected as dried blood spots, and all samples with Results: The countrywide mean complexity of infection (COI) was 1.5, with 1,878 (59.6%) of parasite samples being monoclonal. The mean COI was significantly higher in high and moderate transmission strata (p < 0.001) compared to low and very low transmission strata. The odds of polyclonal infections were significantly lower in moderate, low, and very low strata compared to the high transmission stratum (p < 0.001). Parasite genetic differentiation among regions was very low, with fixation index ( Discussion: The study revealed high complexity and polyclonality, particularly in regions with high transmission intensities. The significant association between COI, polyclonality, and transmission intensity suggests these metrics can be integrated within the current malaria surveillance system and may be useful in assessing trends and patterns of malaria transmission. Further validation is needed to link these measures with the current control strategies and evaluate their use in determining the impact of different malaria interventions in Mainland Tanzania.

Indexed as

genetic diversitygenetic metricsMainland Tanzaniamalaria molecular surveillancePlasmodium falciparumsymptomatic patientstransmission strata

Identifiers

PMID42137244
PMCPMC13168215

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.