ReviewJournal of pain research2026
Presurgical Prognostic Factors for Chronic Postsurgical Pain Across Developmental Stages in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Review in Journal of pain research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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4 authors.
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Abstract
Background: Chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP) is a significant postoperative complication in children and adolescents, with long-term consequences that may extend into young adulthood. Although numerous presurgical factors have been proposed as potential predictors of CPSP, findings remain inconsistent, and no prior review has examined prognostic factors across a developmental window spanning childhood to young adulthood. The aim of this study was to identify presurgical prognostic factors for CPSP at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months after surgery in children, adolescents, and young adults. Methods: A systematic search of five electronic databases was conducted from inception to September 2025, following PRISMA guidelines. Eligible studies included participants aged 8-22 years undergoing major surgery and reporting presurgical variables associated with CPSP. Two reviewers independently screened studies, extracted data, and assessed risk of bias. When possible, meta-analyses were performed using standardized mean differences or odds ratios. Results: Thirty articles were included. Although 44 presurgical factors were identified, only eight could be meta-analyzed due to inconsistent reporting, limiting the strength of quantitative conclusions. Baseline pain intensity was the most consistent predictor of CPSP, showing significant associations at 3 months and 6 months. Older age showed a small association with CPSP at 3 months but not thereafter. Sex, child pain catastrophizing, pain anxiety, anxiety sensitivity, parent pain catastrophizing, and parent pain anxiety were not significantly associated with CPSP. The evidence base was limited by heterogeneity, small samples, and underreporting of effect sizes. Conclusion: Across childhood, adolescence, and young adulthood, baseline presurgical pain intensity is the most robust predictor of CPSP. Psychological and sociodemographic factors showed limited prognostic value. However, quantitative conclusions are limited by inconsistent reporting across studies.
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