ArticleFrontiers in medicine2026
A retrospective analysis of the anatomic characteristics of pulmonary bullae based on chest CT classification and their association with pulmonary function.
Article in Frontiers in medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Objective: To propose a refined CT-based phenotypic classification of pulmonary bullae and investigate the differences in demographic characteristics, morphological features, and pulmonary function among different subtypes. Methods: This retrospective study enrolled 467 patients diagnosed with pulmonary bullae who underwent chest CT at Tangdu Hospital from January 2023 to December 2024. Patients were classified into three phenotypes: bullous emphysema, intrapulmonary bullae, and subpleural bullae. Demographic data, smoking history, BMI, bulla morphology (size, number, internal septations, wall thickness, margin regularity), and pulmonary function parameters (FVC, FEV Results: Significant intergroup differences were observed in age, BMI, and smoking history ( Conclusion: CT-based phenotyping of pulmonary bullae reveals distinct demographic, morphological, and functional profiles. Bullous emphysema is associated with more severe morphological abnormalities and pulmonary function impairment. Smoking and low BMI are modifiable factors promoting bulla progression. This classification provides a foundation for personalized clinical surveillance and intervention strategies.
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