ArticleFrontiers in public health2026
A comparative study of sociodemographic characteristics, health cognition, and risky sexual behaviors between MSMO and MSMW in Zhejiang Province, Eastern China.
Article in Frontiers in public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Men who have sex with men (MSM) are a high-risk group for HIV, with marked heterogeneity in sexual behaviors. However, MSM are often treated as a homogeneous population, limiting the effectiveness of targeted HIV prevention strategies. This study aimed to compare sociodemographic characteristics, health cognition, and sexual risk behaviors between men who have sex with men only (MSMO) and men who have sex with men and women (MSMW) in Zhejiang Province, Eastern China. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among MSM in Zhejiang Province between July and December 2023. Participants were recruited through online channels and convenience sampling via non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and completed an anonymous online questionnaire. Bivariate analyses and multivariable logistic regression were used to identify factors associated with MSMW compared with MSMO. Results: A total of 7,629 participants were included, comprising 5,964 MSMO and 1,665 MSMW. Compared with MSMO, MSMW were more likely to be married or cohabiting (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 2.38, 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 1.68-3.37), report first-time HIV testing (aOR: 1.62, 95% CI: 1.36-1.92), and identify as having versatile (aOR: 9.56, 95% CI: 7.51-12.16) or insertive (aOR: 3.87, 95% CI: 3.01-4.99) sexual roles. MSMW also demonstrated significantly lower awareness of post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) (aOR: 0.77, 95% CI: 0.64-0.94) and monkypox (MPOX) (aOR: 0.70, 95% CI: 0.59-0.82), as well as lower rates of consistent condom use (aOR: 0.58, 95% CI: 0.51-0.66). Conclusion: MSMW in Zhejiang Province represent a distinct subgroup with a unique risk profile characterized by gaps in health cognition, specific sexual behavior patterns, and inconsistent condom use. These findings underscore the need for subgroup-specific HIV prevention strategies that move beyond one-size-fits-all approaches and better address the vulnerabilities of MSMW to reduce HIV and STI transmission.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.