ArticleThe Veterinary record2026
Distribution, health and welfare of donkeys working in licensed commercial operations throughout Great Britain.
Article in The Veterinary record, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundIn Great Britain, donkey work has shifted from beach donkey rides towards a greater diversity of economic activities, such as wellness industries, films and exhibits. This research investigates the distribution, health and welfare of donkeys in licensed activities in Great Britain.
methodsLocal authority data were used to map the population of donkeys working under licence. Data on the welfare status of donkeys relinquished, retired or removed to The Donkey Sanctuary from licensed commercial businesses were analysed descriptively.
resultsDonkeys are engaged in a diverse range of licensed activities throughout Great Britain and are frequently one of the main draws of some commercial businesses. Most donkeys relinquished or removed from licensed premises were found to have health and welfare issues. LIMITATIONS: The welfare data include only those donkeys relinquished or removed to The Donkey Sanctuary, which may not be representative of the population of donkeys in all commercial operations.
conclusionThe study finds that licensing does not necessarily protect donkeys from poor welfare outcomes, despite some licences requiring mandatory veterinary oversight. In addition, the licensing system and those finding themselves working within it, may need further resourcing to support those trying to license, regulate and enforce commercial activities.
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