Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42135347›Full record

ArticleNPJ breast cancer2026

AI-powered and manual assessment of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in early HER2-positive breast cancer in NSABP B-41.

Ilana Schlam, Gong Tang, Khalid AbdulJabbar, Haixi Yan, Xuelin Gu, Tanner J Freeman, Sai Maley, Brent T Harris, Priya Rastogi, Isaac Hook and 3 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in NPJ breast cancer, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Ilana SchlamDepartment of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
Gong TangNRG Oncology Statistics and Data Management Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Khalid AbdulJabbarCase45, London, UK.
Haixi YanCase45, London, UK.
Xuelin GuUniversity of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Tanner J FreemanUniversity of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Sai MaleyNSABP Foundation, Inc, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Brent T HarrisDepartment of Pathology and Neurology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA.
Priya RastogiNSABP Foundation, Inc, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Isaac HookCase45, London, UK.
Norman WolmarkNSABP Foundation, Inc, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Roberto SalgadoPeter Mac Callum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Sandra M SwainGeorgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA. sms248@georgetown.edu.

Funding

Tissue Culture Shared ResourceP30CA051008 · NCI · GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY · PI Louis M Weiner · 1990 to 2026
$71.5M
NCI NIH HHS P30 CA051008
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The assessment of tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TILs), together with gene expression signatures (GES), has the potential to guide personalized breast cancer therapy. We included 262 patients from the phase III NSABP B-41 trial, which evaluated neoadjuvant HER2-targeted therapies in combination with chemotherapy. We conducted a manual and artificial intelligence (AI)-based analyses of TILs, as well as GES from RNA sequencing. Higher manual TILs as a continuous variable were associated with pathologic complete response (pCR) in patients with estrogen receptor (ER)-negative disease. AI-based TILs were associated with pCR regardless of ER status. Immune GES (iGES) were associated with pCR. Manual TILs were not associated with event-free survival (EFS), while AI-TIL showed a marginal association. These results support the use of TIL assessment, complemented by GES, as a prognostic biomarker in HER2-positive breast cancer. Future studies are needed to evaluate their predictive utility to guide treatment decisions.

Identifiers

PMID42135347
PMCPMC13415812

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.